Amyntas Angelos, Eisenhauer Nico, Scheu Stefan, Klarner Bernhard, Ilieva-Makulec Krassimira, Madaj Anna-Maria, Gauzens Benoit, Li Jingyi, Potapov Anton M, Rosenbaum Benjamin, Bassi Leonardo, van Berkum Pamela Medina, Brose Ulrich
Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 19;15(1):10029. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-54401-z.
Biodiversity experiments revealed that plant diversity loss can decrease ecosystem functions across trophic levels. To address why such biodiversity-function relationships strengthen over time, we established experimental mesocosms replicating a gradient in plant species richness across treatments of shared versus non-shared history of (1) the plant community and (2) the soil fauna community. After 4 months, we assessed the multitrophic functioning of soil fauna via biomass stocks and energy fluxes across the food webs. We find that soil community history significantly enhanced belowground multitrophic function via changes in biomass stocks and community-average body masses across the food webs. However, variation in plant diversity and plant community history had unclear effects. Our findings underscore the importance of long-term community assembly processes for soil fauna-driven ecosystem function, with species richness and short-term plant adaptations playing a minimal role. Disturbances that disrupt soil community stability may hinder fauna-driven ecosystem functions, while recovery may require several years.
生物多样性实验表明，植物多样性丧失会降低各营养级的生态系统功能。为了探究为何这种生物多样性与功能的关系会随时间增强，我们建立了实验性中型生态系统，在植物群落和土壤动物群落的（1）共享历史与非共享历史的处理中复制植物物种丰富度梯度。4个月后，我们通过食物网中的生物量存量和能量通量评估了土壤动物的多营养功能。我们发现，土壤群落历史通过食物网中生物量存量和群落平均体重的变化显著增强了地下多营养功能。然而，植物多样性和植物群落历史的变化影响不明确。我们的研究结果强调了长期群落组装过程对土壤动物驱动的生态系统功能的重要性，而物种丰富度和短期植物适应性的作用极小。破坏土壤群落稳定性的干扰可能会阻碍动物驱动的生态系统功能，而恢复可能需要数年时间。
