Department of Stomatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Nov 20;24(1):1416. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-05160-2.
BACKGROUND: Congenitally missing permanent canines (CMPC) have a significant impact on function and aesthetics. The prevalence is low, and the availability of rigorous studies on this issue in China is limited. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of CMPC in patients and concomitant anomalies. Additionally, we aimed to compare the prevalence of CMPC between two age groups. METHODS: A total of 10,447 patient's panoramic radiograph (PR) images from August 2021 to December 2023 were reviewed and data regarding the location and number of CMPCs were recorded. Age and gender were obtained from the clinical records. Additionally, concomitant anomalies such as persistent primary canines, congenitally missing other permanent teeth, supernumerary teeth and microdontia were also recorded in patients with CMPC. 10,447 patients were divided into two groups: group A (< 121 months of age) and group B (≥ 121 months of age) to record the number of patients with CMPC. The data were presented as counts (n) and percentages (%), and statistically analysed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: The average age of patients with CMPC was 9.2 years, with a prevalence of 0.69% (n = 72). The difference between genders was not statistically significant (p = 0.950). The prevalence of CMPC in group B (1.08%, 26/2400) was significantly greater than that in group A (0.57%, 46/8047) (p = 0.008). 89.42% (93/104) of the missing permanent canines had visible primary canines in patients. CMPC were more likely to occur in the maxilla (91.67%) than in the mandible (6.94%) (p<0.001). No significant difference was found between the left and right sides (p = 0.844). With respect to concomitant anomalies among those with CMPC, 22 patients had 58 congenitally other permanent teeth missing, 3 patients had 3 supernumerary teeth, and 12 maxillary lateral incisors from 7 patients presented with microdontia. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CMPC was 0.69%. CMPC were more likely to occur in the maxilla in the presence of persistent primary canines and were not influenced by gender or side. Early panoramic radiographs can improve the detection rate of CMPC, thereby facilitating prompt intervention and timely management.
背景：先天性缺失恒牙（CMPC）对功能和美观有重大影响。其患病率较低，且中国关于该问题的严谨研究有限。本研究旨在调查 CMPC 在患者中的患病率和分布情况，以及并发异常。此外，我们旨在比较两个年龄组中 CMPC 的患病率。
方法：回顾 2021 年 8 月至 2023 年 12 月期间 10447 名患者的全景片（PR）图像，记录 CMPC 的位置和数量的数据。从临床记录中获取年龄和性别。此外，还记录了 CMPC 患者的持续性恒前牙、先天性缺失其他恒牙、多生牙和小牙等并发异常。将 10447 名患者分为两组：A 组（<121 个月）和 B 组（≥121 个月），以记录 CMPC 患者的数量。数据以计数（n）和百分比（%）表示，并使用卡方检验进行统计学分析。
结果：CMPC 患者的平均年龄为 9.2 岁，患病率为 0.69%（n=72）。性别之间的差异无统计学意义（p=0.950）。B 组（1.08%，26/2400）的 CMPC 患病率明显高于 A 组（0.57%，46/8047）（p=0.008）。在有 CMPC 的患者中，89.42%（93/104）的缺失恒牙有可见的恒前牙。CMPC 更可能发生在上颌（91.67%）而不是下颌（6.94%）（p<0.001）。左右两侧之间无显著差异（p=0.844）。在 CMPC 患者中，22 例患者有 58 颗恒牙缺失，3 例患者有多生牙，7 例患者的 12 颗上颌侧切牙有小牙。
结论：CMPC 的患病率为 0.69%。CMPC 更可能在上颌伴有持续性恒前牙的情况下发生，且不受性别或侧别影响。早期全景片可提高 CMPC 的检出率，从而促进及时干预和管理。
BMC Oral Health. 2024-11-20
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