HIV 感染者衰老和肥胖相关代谢紊乱的性别差异。
Sex Differences in Metabolic Disorders of Aging and Obesity in People with HIV.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
出版信息
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2024 Nov 21;22(1):3. doi: 10.1007/s11904-024-00711-2.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
As advances in antiretroviral therapy for people with HIV (PWH) have prolonged lifespans, prevalence of aging and obesity related metabolic disorders have increased. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent research assessing sex differences in metabolic disorders among PWH, including weight gain/obesity, steatotic liver disease, insulin resistance/diabetes, dyslipidemia, bone loss/osteoporosis, and sarcopenia.
RECENT FINDINGS
A growing body of evidence shows that women with HIV are at increased risk of developing metabolic disorders compared to men, including body weight gain and obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, bone loss, and sarcopenia, while men with HIV are at higher risk for hepatosteatosis and hepatic fibrosis. Future work should prioritize the adequate representation of women in HIV clinical studies. Understanding sex-specific mechanisms underlying metabolic dysfunction in PWH is imperative so that interventions can be developed to address a growing global epidemic of metabolic diseases.
目的综述
随着抗逆转录病毒疗法在艾滋病毒感染者（PWH）中的应用取得进展，患者的寿命得以延长，与衰老和肥胖相关的代谢紊乱的患病率也有所增加。本综述的目的是总结最近评估 PWH 代谢紊乱中性别差异的研究，包括体重增加/肥胖、脂肪性肝病、胰岛素抵抗/糖尿病、血脂异常、骨丢失/骨质疏松症和肌肉减少症。
最新发现
越来越多的证据表明，与男性相比，HIV 女性患者发生代谢紊乱的风险增加，包括体重增加和肥胖、2 型糖尿病、血脂异常、骨丢失和肌肉减少症，而 HIV 男性患者发生脂肪性肝病和肝纤维化的风险更高。未来的工作应优先让更多女性参与 HIV 临床研究。了解 PWH 中代谢功能障碍的性别特异性机制至关重要，以便能够开发干预措施来应对日益严重的全球代谢疾病流行。
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