Tan Ting-Wan, Tan Han-Ling, Chung Yu-Chu
Department of Nursing, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2024 Dec;21(6):687-694. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12756. Epub 2024 Nov 21.
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy experience body composition changes impacting treatment outcomes. The role of resistance training in mitigating chemotherapy-induced sarcopenia in breast cancer patients is not well defined. AIMS: This study aims to assess the efficacy of resistance training in preventing sarcopenia among breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL until May 5, 2023. Selected literature focused on the effects of resistance training on body fat, muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2.0 was employed for quality assessment, and data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0. RESULTS: Eleven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed that resistance training had a significant positive impact on reducing body fat (SMD = -0.250, 95% CI [-0.450, -0.050]), increasing lean body mass (SMD = 0.374, 95% CI [0.178, 0.571]), and enhancing handgrip strength at both the affected site (SMD = 0.326, 95% CI [0.108, 0.543]) and the nonaffected site (SMD = 0.276, 95% CI [0.059, 0.492]). Additionally, significant improvements were observed in leg press strength (SMD = 0.598, 95% CI [0.401, 0.796]) and overall physical performance (SMD = 0.671, 95% CI [0.419, 0.923]). LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: Resistance training is a recommended intervention for reducing body fat, increasing muscle mass, muscle strength, and enhancing physical performance in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Ideal low-intensity resistance training programs span 8-24 weeks, with 20-to-90-min sessions 2-4 times weekly. Regimens generally entail 8-12 repetitions at 40%-90% of one-repetition maximum test, with free-weight resistance training targeting major muscle groups yielding substantial benefits. Further research should explore outcomes across different chemotherapy phases and investigate long-term resistance training effects for a comprehensive view.
背景：接受化疗的乳腺癌患者会出现身体成分变化，这会影响治疗效果。抗阻训练在减轻乳腺癌患者化疗引起的肌肉减少症方面的作用尚不明确。 目的：本研究旨在评估抗阻训练对预防接受化疗的乳腺癌患者肌肉减少症的疗效。 方法：在PubMed、EMBASE、Medline、Cochrane图书馆和CINAHL数据库中进行了系统检索，直至2023年5月5日。所选文献聚焦于抗阻训练对接受化疗的乳腺癌患者体脂、肌肉量、肌肉力量和身体机能的影响。采用Cochrane偏倚风险工具2.0进行质量评估，并使用综合荟萃分析2.0对数据进行分析。 结果：11项随机对照试验表明，抗阻训练对降低体脂（标准化均数差[SMD]=-0.250，95%置信区间[-0.450, -0.050]）、增加瘦体重（SMD=0.374，95%置信区间[0.178, 0.571]）以及增强患侧（SMD=0.326，95%置信区间[0.108, 0.543]）和非患侧（SMD=0.276，95%置信区间[0.059, 0.492]）的握力有显著的积极影响。此外，在腿举力量（SMD=0.598，95%置信区间[0.401, 0.796]）和整体身体机能（SMD=0.671，95%置信区间[0.419, 0.923]）方面也观察到显著改善。 将证据转化为行动：抗阻训练是一种推荐的干预措施，可用于减少接受化疗的乳腺癌患者的体脂、增加肌肉量和肌肉力量以及增强身体机能。理想的低强度抗阻训练计划为期8 - 24周，每周进行2 - 四次，每次训练20至90分钟。训练方案通常包括以一次最大重复量测试的40% - 90%进行8 - 12次重复，针对主要肌肉群的自由重量抗阻训练会带来显著益处。进一步的研究应探索不同化疗阶段的结果，并调查长期抗阻训练的效果，以获得全面的认识。
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