Camp Chad R, Banke Tue G, Xing Hao, Yu Kuai, Perszyk Riley E, Epplin Matthew P, Akins Nicholas S, Zhang Jing, Benke Tim A, Yuan Hongjie, Liotta Dennis C, Traynelis Stephen F
Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
bioRxiv. 2024 Nov 5:2024.11.05.622179. doi: 10.1101/2024.11.05.622179.
UNLABELLED: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) comprise a family of ligand-gated ionotropic glutamate receptors that mediate a slow, calcium-permeable component to excitatory neurotransmission. The GluN2D subunit is enriched in GABAergic inhibitory interneurons in cortical tissue. Diminished levels of GABAergic inhibition contribute to multiple neuropsychiatric conditions, suggesting that enhancing inhibition may have therapeutic utility, thus making GluN2D modulation an attractive drug target. Here, we describe the actions of a GluN2C/GluN2D-selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM), (+)-EU1180-453, which has improved drug-like properties such as increased aqueous solubility compared to the first-in-class GluN2C/GluN2D-selective prototypical PAM (+)-CIQ. (+)-EU1180-453 doubles the NMDAR response at lower concentrations (< 10 μM) compared to (+)-CIQ, and produces a greater degree of maximal potentiation at 30 μM. Using electrophysiological recordings, we show that (+)-EU1180-453 potentiates triheteromeric NMDARs containing at least one GluN2C or GluN2D subunit, and is active at both exon5-lacking and exon5-containing GluN1 splice variants. (+)-EU1180-453 increases glutamate efficacy for GluN2C/GluN2D-containing NMDARs by both prolonging the deactivation time and potentiating the peak response amplitude. We show that (+)-EU1180-453 selectively increases synaptic NMDAR-mediated charge transfer onto P11-15 CA1 hippocampal interneurons, but is without effect on CA1 pyramidal cells. This increased charge transfer enhances inhibitory output from GABAergic interneurons onto CA1 pyramidal cells in a GluN2D-dependent manner. (+)-EU1180-453 also shifts excitatory-to-inhibitory coupling towards increased inhibition and produces enhanced gamma band power from carbachol-induced field potential oscillations in hippocampal slices. Thus, (+)-EU1180-453 can enhance overall circuit inhibition, which could prove therapeutically useful for the treatment of anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and other neuropsychiatric disorders. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Interneuron dysfunction and diminished GABAergic inhibition in neocortical and hippocampal circuits remains a prominent molecular hypothesis for neuropsychiatric diseases including anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. Pharmacological agents that boost GABA receptor function have shown utility in various forms of depression and treating symptoms of schizophrenia. Cortical GABAergic interneurons, unlike their excitatory pyramidal cell counterparts, are enriched for the GluN2D subunit of the NMDA receptor. Thus, GluN2D subunit-selective modulation could be a useful therapeutic tool to enhance local inhibition, improving the prognosis for neuropsychiatric diseases for which interneuron dysfunction is prominent and causal to circuit aberration.
未标记:N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDARs)是一类配体门控离子型谷氨酸受体家族,介导兴奋性神经传递中缓慢的、钙可渗透成分。GluN2D亚基在皮质组织的GABA能抑制性中间神经元中富集。GABA能抑制水平降低会导致多种神经精神疾病,这表明增强抑制作用可能具有治疗效用,因此使GluN2D调节成为一个有吸引力的药物靶点。在此,我们描述了一种GluN2C/GluN2D选择性正变构调节剂(PAM),(+)-EU1180-453的作用,与第一代GluN2C/GluN2D选择性原型PAM(+)-CIQ相比,它具有改善的类药物性质,如增加了水溶性。与(+)-CIQ相比,(+)-EU1180-453在较低浓度(<10μM)时使NMDAR反应加倍,并在30μM时产生更大程度的最大增强作用。通过电生理记录,我们表明(+)-EU1180-453增强了包含至少一个GluN2C或GluN2D亚基的三聚体NMDARs,并且对缺乏外显子5和含有外显子5的GluN1剪接变体均有活性。(+)-EU1180-453通过延长失活时间和增强峰值反应幅度,增加了含GluN2C/GluN2D的NMDARs的谷氨酸效力。我们表明(+)-EU1180-453选择性地增加突触NMDAR介导的电荷转移到P11-15 CA1海马中间神经元,但对CA1锥体细胞没有影响。这种增加的电荷转移以GluN2D依赖的方式增强了GABA能中间神经元对CA1锥体细胞的抑制输出。(+)-EU1180-453还将兴奋与抑制的耦合转向增强抑制,并在海马切片中由卡巴胆碱诱导的场电位振荡产生增强的γ波段功率。因此,(+)-EU1180-453可以增强整体回路抑制,这可能被证明对治疗焦虑、抑郁、精神分裂症和其他神经精神疾病具有治疗作用。 意义声明:新皮质和海马回路中的中间神经元功能障碍和GABA能抑制降低仍然是包括焦虑、抑郁和精神分裂症在内的神经精神疾病的一个突出分子假说。增强GABA受体功能的药物已在各种形式的抑郁症和治疗精神分裂症症状中显示出效用。皮质GABA能中间神经元与其兴奋性锥体细胞对应物不同,富含NMDA受体的GluN2D亚基。因此,GluN2D亚基选择性调节可能是增强局部抑制的有用治疗工具,改善神经精神疾病的预后,对于这些疾病,中间神经元功能障碍突出且是回路异常的原因。
Psychopharmacol Bull. 2024-7-8
2025-1
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025-6-26
Cell Rep. 2024-6-25
Pharmacol Rev. 2021-10
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2021-11-12