Department of Prevention and Information, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Cancer Survivorship, Danish Cancer Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
BMC Cancer. 2024 Nov 26;24(1):1453. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-13208-3.
Today the prerequisites exist to initiate risk-stratified screening according to a woman's individual risk of breast cancer as opposed to existing one-size-fits-all age-based programmes. This presupposes that the women accept having their personal risk score estimated and their screening intervals changed accordingly. Risk-stratified screening has not yet been implemented in any country, but in the future many European countries will very likely move towards more personalized screening.
This qualitative study among 46 women aged 50-69 years used an anthropological approach and interpretive description. Data was collected using semi-structured focus group interviews and telephone interviews. The interviews were analysed using systematic text condensation.
The aim of this study was to explore Danish women's understanding of breast cancer risk and their attitudes towards the concept of risk-stratified breast cancer screening.
The women highly valued the current screening program, seeing regular mammograms as crucial for early detection. The women had good knowledge of the causes of breast cancer, but they had not given much thought to their own risk. They found a personalized screening approach more reliable than age-based screening, understanding that low risk is not the same as no risk just as high risk is not equal to ever developing breast cancer. Despite concerns about increased anxiety arising from knowing one's risk, they appreciated the possibility of more frequent screenings for high-risk individuals.
In general, the women showed acceptance of a new breast cancer screening concept estimating their personal risk score. Due to concerns about interval cancers and the prolonged screening intervals for women at low risk, offering more intensified screening for high-risk women may be less challenging than deescalating screening for low-risk women. Whether the expressed positive attitude and curious interest will translate into actual participation if implemented, remains to be investigated further in an ongoing Danish trial.
如今，与现有的一刀切的基于年龄的方案相比，存在根据女性个体乳腺癌风险进行分层风险筛查的先决条件。这假设女性接受估计其个人风险评分并相应改变其筛查间隔。分层风险筛查尚未在任何国家实施，但未来许多欧洲国家很可能会朝着更个性化的筛查方向发展。
这项针对 46 名 50-69 岁女性的定性研究采用了人类学方法和解释性描述。使用半结构化焦点小组访谈和电话访谈收集数据。使用系统文本浓缩法分析访谈。
本研究旨在探讨丹麦女性对乳腺癌风险的理解及其对分层乳腺癌风险筛查概念的态度。
女性高度重视当前的筛查计划，认为定期乳房 X 光检查对早期发现至关重要。女性对乳腺癌的病因有很好的了解，但她们并没有过多考虑自己的风险。她们发现个性化的筛查方法比基于年龄的筛查更可靠，理解低风险并不等同于无风险，高风险也不等于一定会患上乳腺癌。尽管对了解自己的风险会增加焦虑感到担忧，但她们还是赞赏高风险个体更频繁进行筛查的可能性。
总体而言，女性对估计个人风险评分的新乳腺癌筛查概念表示接受。由于对间隔性癌症的担忧以及低风险女性筛查间隔延长，为高风险女性提供更强化的筛查可能比为低风险女性降低筛查强度更具挑战性。如果实施，表达的积极态度和好奇兴趣是否会转化为实际参与，还有待在正在进行的丹麦试验中进一步调查。
