Lamendola Marika, Mirabile Giulia, Muratore Josè, Torta Livio
Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Ed. 5, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Ispettorato Provinciale dell'Agricoltura di Palermo, Regione Sicilia, Via Camillo Camilliani 54, 90145 Palermo, Italy.
Pathogens. 2024 Oct 25;13(11):932. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13110932.
Recently, in several locations in the province of Trapani (Sicily, Italy), olive growers have reported cases of decaying olive trees of cv. 'Nocellara del Belice', showing symptoms of defoliation, branch drying, xylem browning, and reduced production. Internal symptoms include white and brown wood rot, starting from the base of the trunk. These alterations have been observed in trees irrigated using a pipe system at the trunk with spray sprinklers. To identify the causal agents of decay, some trees were eradicated and dissected, and woody samples were processed to isolate and identify the associated fungal micro-organisms. The most common colonies were identified using morphological (macro- and microscopical observation) and molecular (PCR amplification of the rDNA-ITS region) analyses. Nine fungal taxa were identified, of which four were associated with this decay syndrome (, , sp., and ), three were considered ubiquitous and opportunistic fungi ( spp., , and sp.), and the other two were . Artificial inoculation satisfied Koch's postulates, confirming the pathogenicity of the aforementioned fungi, even though the infections in the fields seem to be related to the irrigation system. This hypothesis would seem to be confirmed by the progression of decay over time in the trees subjected to the irrigation system described but not reported in olive groves differently managed. It is therefore considered appropriate to conduct further and more in-depth investigations aimed at studying the correlation between the irrigation system, presence of fungal agents, and manifestation of the syndrome. A further ongoing investigation is aimed at the use of biostimulants (Agrusaver, Savory Sun, VA LLC) on symptomatic trees, with the aim of both improving the vegetative performance of the host and limiting the symptoms detected in the field.
最近，在意大利西西里岛特拉帕尼省的几个地方，橄榄种植者报告了“贝利切诺切拉”品种的橄榄树出现腐烂病例，表现出落叶、树枝干枯、木质部褐变和产量下降的症状。内部症状包括从树干基部开始的白色和褐色木材腐烂。这些变化在使用树干处带喷雾喷头的管道系统灌溉的树木中被观察到。为了确定腐烂的致病因子，一些树木被砍伐并解剖，对木质样本进行处理以分离和鉴定相关的真菌微生物。使用形态学（宏观和微观观察）和分子（rDNA-ITS区域的PCR扩增）分析鉴定出最常见的菌落。鉴定出了9个真菌分类群，其中4个与这种腐烂综合征相关（、、 种和 种），3个被认为是普遍存在的机会性真菌（ 种、 和 种），另外两个是 。人工接种满足了科赫法则，证实了上述真菌的致病性，尽管田间感染似乎与灌溉系统有关。在采用所述灌溉系统但管理方式不同的橄榄园中未报告的树木中，随着时间的推移腐烂的进展似乎证实了这一假设。因此，认为有必要进行进一步更深入的调查，以研究灌溉系统、真菌病原体的存在与该综合征表现之间的相关性。另一项正在进行的调查旨在对有症状的树木使用生物刺激剂（Agrusaver、Savory Sun、VA LLC），目的是既改善宿主的营养表现，又限制田间检测到的症状。
