Satarkulova Ainura Manasovna, Usenova Asel Abdumomunovna, Bakirova Shirin Syrgakovna, Aisaeva Shadiya Yusupdjanovna, Keneshova Kanykei Sadyrbekovna, Turdubekova Meerim Turdubekovna
Department of Fundamental Disciplines, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic.
Department of Special Surgical Disciplines, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic.
Iran J Public Health. 2024 Nov;53(11):2551-2562. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v53i11.16959.
We investigated the changes of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) parameters, which reflect the state of the regulatory mechanisms of cardiovascular system, among medical students during routine academic period and examination session.
The study was conducted in Jan-Feb 2024, at the IHSM in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, among the healthy 70 students (mean age 19.71 ± 1.54 years) from India and Pakistan. For each student, two ECG recordings were performed: one 3 weeks before the exam and one 10-15 minutes after exam.
The results of study demonstrated that after the exam, students presented significantly higher HR, AMo, SI, VLF, LF and lower SDNN, TP, HF compared before the exam (<0.05). Distribution of students showed that on a routine academic period 53% of students belonged to sympathotonic, 14% to vagotonic and 33% to normotonic. During the examination period the number of sympathotonic increased to 74%, but the number of vagotonic and normotonic decreased to 4% and 22% respectively.
Each type revealed an individual reaction to exam stress: in the group of vagotonic there was a slight activation of the SNS; in sympathotonic students there was a tension of regulatory mechanisms, leading to depletion of adaptive mechanisms; in the group of normotonic there was a shift in the vegetative balance towards the sympathetic link of ANS.
我们调查了医学生在日常学习期间和考试期间心率变异性（HRV）参数的变化，这些参数反映了心血管系统调节机制的状态。
该研究于2024年1月至2月在吉尔吉斯斯坦共和国比什凯克的IHSM进行，研究对象为来自印度和巴基斯坦的70名健康学生（平均年龄19.71±1.54岁）。对每名学生进行两次心电图记录：一次在考试前3周，一次在考试后10 - 15分钟。
研究结果表明，考试后学生的心率、平均每搏振幅、标准化指数、极低频功率、低频功率显著高于考试前，而标准差、总功率、高频功率则显著低于考试前（<0.05）。学生分布情况显示，在日常学习期间，53%的学生属于交感神经优势型，14%属于迷走神经优势型，33%属于正常型。在考试期间，交感神经优势型学生的数量增加到74%，而迷走神经优势型和正常型学生的数量分别降至4%和22%。
每种类型对考试压力都有个体反应：迷走神经优势型组中交感神经系统有轻微激活；交感神经优势型学生中调节机制紧张，导致适应机制耗竭；正常型组中自主神经系统的植物神经平衡向交感神经环节转移。
