Albuhairy A, Attallah D, Qashqari S, Al-Rabia M, Kaki R, Harakeh S, Alkuwaity K, Abujamel T, Altorki T, Mokhtar J, Alharbi O, Ismail M, Mufrrih M, Sait A, Momin H, Abu I, Saleh B, Ekhmimi T, Alfadil A, Ibrahem K A
Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2024 Nov;28(22):4621-4633. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202411_36956.
Currently, there is a limited amount of published data on the incidence of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) in most parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Thus, it is extremely important to have information concerning the distribution and prevalence of MRSA and MSSA to better handle and manage future epidemics. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between MRSA and/or MSSA with BSI at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
This investigation took place at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, for four years. During this period, we meticulously collected and documented clinical data on blood cultures that tested positive for MRSA or MSSA.
BSI caused by S. aureus bacteria was found in 461 individuals; 232 (50.3%) of these patients had MSSA, and 229 (49.7%) had MRSA. The data showed that patients with diabetes, renal, and heart disease were most at risk of contracting S. aureus associated with BSI (at 46%, 37%, and 23%, respectively). Hospital-acquired (HA) MRSA was associated with higher rates of BSI compared to HA-MSSA. Device and procedure-related infections were mostly associated with HA-BSI, whereas superficial skin and soft-tissue infections were more commonly connected to community-acquired BSI (CA-BSI).
Such information will probably lead to a reduction in hospital-acquired infections and will improve hospital infection-preventative procedures. Based on the data obtained, diabetic patients are most at risk of contracting S. aureus BSI. To prevent the spread of MRSA infection among healthcare centers, patients with MRSA must undergo MRSA screening tests, appropriate therapeutic follow-up, and contact precautions. Moreover, appropriate therapeutic management of diabetes may protect the patients from getting infected with S. aureus.
目前，在阿拉伯半岛大部分地区，关于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）引起的血流感染（BSI）发病率的已发表数据有限。因此，掌握MRSA和MSSA的分布及流行情况对于更好地应对和管理未来的疫情极为重要。本研究旨在调查沙特阿拉伯吉达阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院（KAUH）中MRSA和/或MSSA与BSI之间的相关性。
本调查在沙特阿拉伯吉达的阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院进行了四年。在此期间，我们精心收集并记录了MRSA或MSSA血培养检测呈阳性的临床数据。
在461名个体中发现了由金黄色葡萄球菌引起的BSI；其中232名（50.3%）患者感染了MSSA，229名（49.7%）患者感染了MRSA。数据显示，糖尿病、肾病和心脏病患者感染与BSI相关的金黄色葡萄球菌的风险最高（分别为46%、37%和23%）。与医院获得性（HA）MSSA相比，医院获得性MRSA与更高的BSI发生率相关。与设备和操作相关的感染大多与医院获得性BSI有关，而浅表皮肤和软组织感染更常与社区获得性BSI（CA-BSI）相关。
此类信息可能会减少医院获得性感染，并改善医院感染预防措施。根据所获得的数据，糖尿病患者感染金黄色葡萄球菌BSI的风险最高。为防止MRSA感染在医疗中心传播，MRSA患者必须接受MRSA筛查测试及适当的治疗随访，并采取接触预防措施。此外，对糖尿病进行适当的治疗管理可能会保护患者免受金黄色葡萄球菌感染。
