Zhang Yue, Jing Hongmei, Liu Hao
CAS Key Lab for Experimental Study under Deep-Sea Extreme Conditions, Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.
HKUST-CAS Sanya Joint Laboratory of Marine Science Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Nov 18;15:1474645. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1474645. eCollection 2024.
The distinctive geological characteristics of hadal trenches are recognized to affect the construction and ecological role of microbial communities; however, information on their population dynamics and assembly processes remains limited. In this study, bacteria and micro-eukaryotes in the sediments of the Diamantina and Kermadec trenches were explored utilizing high-throughput sequencing. Compared to the Diamantina Trench, significantly lower levels of bacterial and micro-eukaryotic biodiversity ( < 0.01), bacterial gene copy number ( < 0.05), and heterotrophic/parasitic micro-eukaryotic proportions ( < 0.05) were detected in the Kermadec Trench, which also exhibited a low community complexity based on the network analysis. Within each trench, no obvious population shifts were observed along the trench axis. Microbial communities in both trenches showed clear distance-decay distributions, mainly driven by stochastic processes. This study provided fresh perspectives on the microbial community assembly mechanism in deep-sea trenches. Studies of community complexity and diversified trophic states of microbes would contribute to an improved understanding of ecological functions and diversification in this extreme biosphere.
超深渊海沟独特的地质特征被认为会影响微生物群落的结构和生态作用；然而，关于它们的种群动态和组装过程的信息仍然有限。在本研究中，利用高通量测序技术对迪亚曼蒂纳海沟和克马德克海沟沉积物中的细菌和微型真核生物进行了探索。与迪亚曼蒂纳海沟相比，克马德克海沟中检测到的细菌和微型真核生物多样性水平（<0.01）、细菌基因拷贝数（<0.05）以及异养/寄生微型真核生物比例（<0.05）显著更低，基于网络分析，该海沟的群落复杂性也较低。在每条海沟内，未观察到沿海沟轴线有明显的种群变化。两条海沟中的微生物群落均呈现出明显的距离衰减分布，主要由随机过程驱动。本研究为深海海沟中微生物群落的组装机制提供了新的视角。对微生物群落复杂性和多样化营养状态的研究将有助于更好地理解这个极端生物圈中的生态功能和多样性。
