Xiong Zheyu, Gao Yongli, Yuan Chi, Jian Zhongyu, Wei Xin
Department of Urology and Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Nov 28;11:1422121. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1422121. eCollection 2024.
One of the most prevalent bacterial diseases in both the general population and hospitals are urinary tract infections (UTIs). There is still conflicting scientific data about the usefulness of cranberry products in preventing UTIs. Our meta-analysis investigated whether the content of the main component, proanthocyanidins (PACs), in cranberries affects their ability to prevent UTIs.
The average daily intake of PACs has already been reported in previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that intended to investigate the effectiveness of cranberry in preventing UTIs, which were collected in our meta-analysis. The results were reported as the number of participants with UTIs. Random effect or fixed effect models were chosen for statistical analysis based on the heterogeneity.
Ten RCTs that matched the requirements were included. The results showed that when the daily intake of PACs was at least 36mg, the risk of UTIs was reduced by 18% (RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69-0.98, = 0.03). But when the daily intake of PACs was less than 36 mg, there was no statistical significance risk decrease ( = 0.39). The results of the sub-group analysis showed that cranberries only significantly reduced the risk of UTIs when the duration of cranberry product use falls between 12 and 24 weeks (RR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.61-0.91, = 0.004). Additionally, cranberries also significantly reduced the risk of UTIs only in subgroups that just included females (RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.71-0.98, = 0.02).
These findings showed a strong correlation between the daily use of the active ingredient PACs found in cranberry products and the prevention of UTIs. Our meta-analysis is the first to show that there are minimum daily PAC consumption intake levels in cranberry products and length of use considerations that are needed to achieve clinically relevant UTI prevention benefits.
PROSPERO (CRD42023385398).
在普通人群和医院中，最常见的细菌性疾病之一是尿路感染（UTIs）。关于蔓越莓产品在预防尿路感染方面的有效性，目前仍存在相互矛盾的科学数据。我们的荟萃分析研究了蔓越莓中主要成分原花青素（PACs）的含量是否会影响其预防尿路感染的能力。
在我们的荟萃分析中收集了之前旨在研究蔓越莓预防尿路感染有效性的随机对照试验（RCTs）中已报告的PACs平均每日摄入量。结果报告为患有尿路感染的参与者数量。根据异质性选择随机效应或固定效应模型进行统计分析。
纳入了10项符合要求的RCTs。结果表明，当PACs的每日摄入量至少为36mg时，尿路感染的风险降低了18%（RR = 0.82，95%CI = 0.69 - 0.98，P = 0.03）。但当PACs的每日摄入量小于36mg时，风险降低无统计学意义（P = 0.39）。亚组分析结果表明，仅当蔓越莓产品使用持续时间在12至24周之间时，蔓越莓才显著降低尿路感染的风险（RR = 0.75，95%CI = 0.61 - 0.91，P = 0.004）。此外，蔓越莓仅在仅包括女性的亚组中也显著降低了尿路感染的风险（RR = 0.84，95%CI = 0.71 - 0.98，P = 0.02）。
这些发现表明蔓越莓产品中发现的活性成分PACs的每日使用与预防尿路感染之间存在很强的相关性。我们的荟萃分析首次表明，蔓越莓产品中存在每日PAC最低消费摄入量水平以及为实现临床上相关的尿路感染预防益处所需的使用时长考虑因素。
PROSPERO（CRD42023385398）。
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