Donato Mayra Alves, de Oliveira Souza Adelania, Pacheco Amanda, de Carvalho Silva Lucas, Svenar Silvana, Nagalli André, Passig Fernando Hermes, Brasil Bernardelli Jossy Karla, Querne de Carvalho Karina
Federal University of Tecnhology - Paraná (UTFPR) - Civil Engineering Graduate Program. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado St., 5000, Ecoville, 81280-340, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Federal University of Tecnhology - Paraná (UTFPR) - Environmental Sciences and Technology Graduate Program. Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado St., 5000, Ecoville, 81280-340, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2025 Feb;370:143941. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143941. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
Operational strategies have been applied in constructed wetlands to optimize the removal of nutrients and hormones that are still a concern in wastewater treatment. The strategy of intensifying intermittent aeration was investigated in two microcosm-scale vertical-flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) planted with Eichhornia crassipes onto autoclaved aerated concrete (AC) in the removal of nutrients, estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). CW-1 (2.4 LO min) and CW-2 (1.4 LO min) were fed with synthetic wastewater in sequencing-batch mode (cycles 48-48-72 h) and intermittently aerated for 1 h, followed by 7 h without aeration for 377 days. Combined with the intensification strategy, the use of planted free-floating macrophytes and concrete-based material (emergent) as filtering media stand out as the innovation and originality aspects of this study. Despite the hormone addition, intensifying aeration enhanced the efficiencies since CW-1 achieved the highest removals with 91% COD, 77% TN, 74% TAN, 60% nitrate, and 97% TP in Stage I (no hormone addition) and 90% COD, 80% TN, 93% TAN, 63% nitrate, and 82% TP in Stage II (with hormone addition). CW-1 achieved the highest removal efficiencies of E1 (84%), E2 (95%), and EE2 (73%). Conversely, the efficiencies decreased under the lower aeration rate (in CW-2) for all parameters. Macrophyte uptake and adsorption stood out for TN (>60.25%) and TP (>27.6%) removal as the main mechanisms in the VFCWs. The characteristics of AC favored ion exchange and precipitation, reinforcing the potential of this material as filtering media in VFCWs. Intensification of intermittent aeration combined with hormone addition diverse and riched the microbial community with the presence of Thauera, Lentimicrobium (denitrification), Candidatus Accumulibacter (phosphorus removal), Pseudomonas, Fusibacter, and Azoarcus (EE2 degradation). Intensifying intermittent aeration was an important strategy to enhance the simultaneous removal of nutrients and hormones in the VFCWs under the evaluated operational conditions.
已在人工湿地中应用操作策略来优化营养物质和激素的去除，这些物质在废水处理中仍然是令人关注的问题。在两个种植了凤眼莲的微观尺度垂直流人工湿地（VFCW）中，研究了强化间歇曝气策略对高压灭菌加气混凝土（AC）上营养物质、雌酮（E1）、17β-雌二醇（E2）和17α-乙炔雌二醇（EE2）去除效果的影响。CW-1（2.4 L O min）和CW-2（1.4 L O min）以序批模式（48 - 48 - 72小时周期）投喂合成废水，并间歇曝气1小时，随后7小时不曝气，持续377天。结合强化策略，使用种植的自由漂浮大型植物和基于混凝土的材料（挺水植物）作为过滤介质是本研究的创新和独特之处。尽管添加了激素，但强化曝气提高了去除效率，因为CW-1在第一阶段（不添加激素）实现了最高去除率，COD为91%、TN为77%、TAN为74%、硝酸盐为60%、TP为97%，在第二阶段（添加激素）实现了COD为90%、TN为80%、TAN为93%、硝酸盐为63%、TP为82%。CW-1实现了E1（84%）、E2（95%）和EE2（73%）的最高去除效率。相反，在较低曝气速率下（CW-2），所有参数的去除效率均下降。大型植物的吸收和吸附在VFCW中对TN（>60.25%）和TP（>27.6%）的去除中作为主要机制尤为突出。AC的特性有利于离子交换和沉淀，增强了这种材料作为VFCW过滤介质的潜力。强化间歇曝气结合激素添加使微生物群落多样化并丰富化，出现了陶厄氏菌属、慢生根瘤菌属（反硝化作用）、“聚磷菌属”（磷去除）、假单胞菌属、梭杆菌属和偶氮弧菌属（EE2降解）。在评估的操作条件下，强化间歇曝气是提高VFCW中营养物质和激素同步去除的重要策略。
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