Phuong-Nguyen Kate, Mahmood Malik, Rivera Leni
School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia.
School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 6;16(23):4216. doi: 10.3390/nu16234216.
Obesity is associated with structural deterioration in the gut. Yoyo dieting, which refers to repeated phases of dieting and non-dieting periods leading to cyclic weight loss and regain, is a common occurrence in individuals with obesity. However, there is limited evidence on how gut structures are affected in yoyo dieting. There is good evidence suggesting that increased intake of resistant starch (RS) may be beneficial in promoting structural improvements in the gut. This investigation aimed to explore the effect of yoyo dieting on gastrointestinal structure and whether RS has beneficial effects in improving obesity-related gastrointestinal damage.
In this study, male and female C57BL/6 mice were assigned to six different diets for 20 weeks: (1) control diet, (2) high fat diet (HF), (3) yoyo diet (alternating HF and control diets every 5 weeks), (4) control diet with RS, (5) HF with RS, and (6) yoyo diet with RS. Distal colon was collected for epithelial barrier integrity measurement. The small and large intestines were collected for histological assessment.
After 20 weeks, yoyo dieting resulted in increased colonic inflammation and exacerbated mucosal damage in comparison with continuous HF diet feeding. RS supplemented in HF and yoyo diets reduced mucosal damage in comparison to diets without RS. However, RS supplementation in a control diet significantly increased inflammation, crypt length, and goblet cell density. There were no significant differences in epithelial change and epithelial barrier integrity across diet groups.
This study suggests that yoyo dieting worsens gut damage, and incorporating high levels of RS may be detrimental in the absence of dietary challenge.
肥胖与肠道结构恶化有关。溜溜球式节食，即反复经历节食期和非节食期导致体重循环下降和反弹，在肥胖个体中很常见。然而，关于溜溜球式节食如何影响肠道结构的证据有限。有充分证据表明，增加抗性淀粉（RS）的摄入量可能有助于促进肠道结构改善。本研究旨在探讨溜溜球式节食对胃肠道结构的影响，以及RS是否对改善肥胖相关的胃肠道损伤具有有益作用。
在本研究中，将雄性和雌性C57BL/6小鼠分为六组，给予不同饮食20周：（1）对照饮食，（2）高脂饮食（HF），（3）溜溜球式饮食（每5周交替给予HF和对照饮食），（4）含RS的对照饮食，（5）含RS的HF饮食，以及（6）含RS的溜溜球式饮食。收集远端结肠用于测量上皮屏障完整性。收集小肠和大肠用于组织学评估。
20周后，与持续给予HF饮食相比，溜溜球式节食导致结肠炎症增加和黏膜损伤加剧。与不含RS的饮食相比，在HF和溜溜球式饮食中添加RS可减少黏膜损伤。然而，在对照饮食中添加RS会显著增加炎症、隐窝长度和杯状细胞密度。各饮食组之间上皮变化和上皮屏障完整性无显著差异。
本研究表明，溜溜球式节食会加重肠道损伤，在没有饮食挑战的情况下，摄入高水平的RS可能有害。
