各国特殊护理牙科的可及性：一项范围综述

Accessibility of Special Care Dentistry Across Countries: A Scoping Review.

作者信息

Vahdati Amin, Khadivi Gita, Ghorbani Zahra, Vahdati Helan Ehsan, Ranjbar Anahita, Azimi Somayyeh

机构信息

Department of Community Oral Health, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983969411, Iran.

Centre for Biostatistics, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.

出版信息

Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Nov 26;12(23):2376. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12232376.

DOI:10.3390/healthcare12232376

PMID:39684998

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11641257/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

People with special care needs often face significant barriers in accessing dental care due to physical and cognitive limitations, leading to high rates of dental issues like caries. Despite the growing recognition of these challenges, unmet dental care needs remain prevalent. This review aims to explore the global landscape of special care dentistry to identify gaps and opportunities for improving dental services for this population.

METHODOLOGY

A systematic search was conducted across three online databases-PubMed, Embase, and Scopus-to identify relevant articles from their inception through May 2024. Reference lists of the selected studies were also screened for additional sources. A thematic synthesis approach was applied to derive both descriptive and analytical themes. The scoping review was guided by the Arksey and O'Malley framework to examine the scope and nature of studies and documents related to dental care for individuals with special care needs. Furthermore, a Google search was performed to include accessible theses and official government documents from various countries.

RESULTS

A total of 49 studies from 11 countries were reviewed, all centered on providing dental care for people with special needs. The analysis revealed three main themes: Human resources, care delivery model, and management. Within these, nine subthemes emerged: Mid-level oral care providers, dentists, special care dentistry as a specialty, tele-dentistry, mobile dentistry, hospital care, levels of healthcare provision, financial support, and education. These themes and subthemes highlight essential areas for enhancing services for those people.

CONCLUSIONS

A holistic approach is essential to enhance dental care for people with special needs. Critical strategies, including the involvement of mid-level oral care providers, the adoption of tele-dentistry and mobile units, and the availability of hospital-based services for complex cases, are crucial. To truly transform care for those people, each country must adapt these strategies to its specific context, aligning resources and policies to create an inclusive, accessible, and effective system.

摘要

引言

有特殊护理需求的人群由于身体和认知方面的限制，在获得牙科护理时往往面临重大障碍，导致龋齿等牙科问题的发生率很高。尽管人们越来越认识到这些挑战，但未满足的牙科护理需求仍然普遍存在。本综述旨在探讨全球特殊护理牙科的现状，以确定改善该人群牙科服务的差距和机会。

方法

在三个在线数据库——PubMed、Embase和Scopus中进行了系统检索，以识别从数据库创建至2024年5月的相关文章。还对所选研究的参考文献列表进行了筛选，以获取更多来源。采用主题综合方法得出描述性和分析性主题。范围综述以阿克西和奥马利框架为指导，以研究与特殊护理需求者牙科护理相关的研究和文献的范围及性质。此外，还进行了谷歌搜索，以纳入来自各个国家的可获取的论文和官方政府文件。

结果

共审查了来自11个国家的49项研究，所有研究均围绕为特殊需求人群提供牙科护理展开。分析揭示了三个主要主题：人力资源、护理提供模式和管理。其中出现了九个子主题：中级口腔护理提供者、牙医、特殊护理牙科作为一个专业领域、远程牙科、移动牙科、医院护理、医疗保健提供水平、财政支持和教育。这些主题和子主题突出了为这些人群加强服务的关键领域。