Wang Ziwei, Huang Mengting, Zhang Yuxin, Zhou Fang, Yu Junxia, Chi Ruan, Xiao Chunqiao
Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-Based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-Based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory, Yichang 443007, China.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Jan;373:123779. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123779. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
Lead (Pb) contamination is an inevitable consequence of phosphate mining, necessitating the development of effective remediation strategies. This study investigated the use of CaO/MgO-modified okara (CMS) as an eco-friendly approach to remediate Pb-contaminated soils from phosphate mining wastelands. In the present study, following 30 d of CMS application, the exchangeable Pb content was significantly decreased to 10.46%, with the majority of Pb transforming into more stable forms: carbonate-bound Pb (56.44%), Fe/Mn oxide-bound Pb (11.03%), and organic-bound Pb (19.58%). Additionally, the treatment led to a substantial enhancement in total phosphorus, available phosphorus, ammonium, and soil organic matter, thereby improving soil fertility. The microbial community structure was also significantly influenced by CMS, with a notable increase in Firmicutes to 45%. Key genera within the microbial community included Azospirillum, Pseudoxanthomonas, Sphingomonas, and Microvirga, with Pseudoxanthomonas and Massilia being the main differential species. These genera were significantly positively correlated, contributing to the maintenance of microbial community homeostasis and promoting the production of CO and PO, which further accelerated Pb immobilization. The results indicate that CMS is an effective amendment for Pb immobilization in contaminated soils, enhancing soil fertility and modulating the microbial community to promote Pb stabilization. This provides valuable insights into the ecological remediation of Pb-contaminated soils and water bodies, highlighting the potential of waste reuse in environmental management.
铅（Pb）污染是磷矿开采不可避免的后果，因此需要制定有效的修复策略。本研究调查了使用氧化钙/氧化镁改性豆渣（CMS）作为一种生态友好型方法来修复磷矿废弃地受铅污染的土壤。在本研究中，施用CMS 30天后，可交换态铅含量显著降低至10.46%，大部分铅转化为更稳定的形态：碳酸盐结合态铅（56.44%）、铁/锰氧化物结合态铅（11.03%）和有机结合态铅（19.58%）。此外，该处理使总磷、有效磷、铵和土壤有机质大幅增加，从而提高了土壤肥力。微生物群落结构也受到CMS的显著影响，厚壁菌门显著增加至45%。微生物群落中的关键属包括固氮螺菌属、假黄单胞菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属和微小枝形杆菌属，其中假黄单胞菌属和马赛菌属是主要的差异物种。这些属显著正相关，有助于维持微生物群落的稳态并促进CO和PO的产生，进而加速铅的固定。结果表明，CMS是一种有效的污染土壤铅固定改良剂，可提高土壤肥力并调节微生物群落以促进铅的稳定。这为铅污染土壤和水体的生态修复提供了有价值的见解，突出了废物再利用在环境管理中的潜力。
