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被动接触阿片类药物危机信息与公众态度:美国全国性调查中对地方政策支持、歧视及污名化的影响

Passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes: Effects on local policy support, discrimination, and stigma in a United States national survey.

作者信息

Kresovich Alex, Borowiecki Mateusz, Lamuda Phoebe A, Taylor Bruce G, Emery Sherry L, Schneider John, Pollack Harold A

机构信息

Public Health Department, NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.

Public Health Department, NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.

出版信息

Prev Med. 2025 Feb;191:108212. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108212. Epub 2024 Dec 18.


DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108212
PMID:39706487
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11761358/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine associations between passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes toward opioid use disorder (OUD) policies and stigma among United States (US) adults. METHODS: A nationally representative survey of 6543 US adults was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024. Participants reported passive exposure to opioid crisis information from various sources. Outcome measures included preferences for national and local harm-reduction policies, discriminatory practices, carceral approaches, and OUD stigma. Multivariable regression analyses were performed, controlling for demographic factors. RESULTS: Over half (n = 3863, 59.4 %) of participants reported passive exposure to opioid crisis information. Exposure from medical professionals (b = 0.143, p = 0.001), family/friends (b = 0.118, p = 0.013), print media (b = 0.135, p = 0.019), and web searches (b = 0.164, p = 0.002) was associated with increased support for local harm-reduction policies. Social media exposure was negatively associated with support for discriminatory practices (b = -0.101, p = 0.043). Exposure from medical professionals was negatively associated with OUD stigma (b = -0.090, p = 0.014). No significant associations were found between information exposure and support for national harm-reduction policies or carceral approaches. CONCLUSIONS: Despite widespread media coverage of the opioid crisis, passive information exposure was only associated with increased support for local, not national, harm-reduction policies. The modest exposure rate (59.4 %) suggests an attention gap between information availability and public engagement. The differential effectiveness of information channels suggests that communication strategies emphasizing community-level initiatives and leveraging specific sources like healthcare providers and interpersonal networks may be particularly important for building public support for evidence-based OUD prevention policies.

摘要

目的:研究美国成年人被动接触阿片类药物危机信息与公众对阿片类药物使用障碍(OUD)政策及污名化态度之间的关联。 方法:2023年12月至2024年1月对6543名美国成年人进行了一项全国代表性调查。参与者报告了从各种来源被动接触阿片类药物危机信息的情况。结果指标包括对国家和地方减少伤害政策的偏好、歧视性做法、监禁方式以及对OUD的污名化。进行了多变量回归分析,并对人口统计学因素进行了控制。 结果:超过一半(n = 3863,59.4%)的参与者报告被动接触过阿片类药物危机信息。来自医疗专业人员(b = 0.143,p = 0.001)、家人/朋友(b = 0.118,p = 0.013)、印刷媒体(b = 0.135,p = 0.019)和网络搜索(b = 0.164,p = 0.002)的接触与对地方减少伤害政策的支持增加相关。社交媒体接触与对歧视性做法的支持呈负相关(b = -0.101,p = 0.043)。来自医疗专业人员的接触与对OUD的污名化呈负相关(b = -0.090,p = 0.014)。在信息接触与对国家减少伤害政策或监禁方式的支持之间未发现显著关联。 结论:尽管媒体对阿片类药物危机进行了广泛报道,但被动信息接触仅与对地方而非国家减少伤害政策的支持增加相关。适度的接触率(59.4%)表明信息可得性与公众参与之间存在关注差距。信息渠道的不同效果表明,强调社区层面举措并利用医疗保健提供者和人际网络等特定来源的传播策略,对于建立公众对基于证据的OUD预防政策的支持可能尤为重要。

相似文献

[1]
Passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes: Effects on local policy support, discrimination, and stigma in a United States national survey.

Prev Med. 2025-2

[2]
Associations between partisan media consumption, opioid use disorder stigma, and opioid policy support: An exploration of the media's role in the ongoing opioid epidemic.

Prev Med Rep. 2023-9-20

[3]
Opioid Use Disorder Stigma, Discrimination, and Policy Attitudes in a National Sample of U.S. Young Adults.

J Adolesc Health. 2021-8

[4]
Social Stigma Toward Persons With Prescription Opioid Use Disorder: Associations With Public Support for Punitive and Public Health-Oriented Policies.

Psychiatr Serv. 2017-5-1

[5]
The unique nature of public stigma toward non-medical prescription opioid use and dependence: a national study.

Addiction. 2020-12

[6]
A National Portrait of Public Attitudes toward Opioid Use in the US: A Latent Class Analysis.

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023-3-2

[7]
Pointing Fingers: Who US Adults Blame for the Opioid Overdose Epidemic.

Subst Use Addctn J. 2025-4

[8]
Social Stigma toward Persons with Opioid Use Disorder: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey of U.S. Adults.

Subst Use Misuse. 2021

[9]
Opioid Use Disorder Stigma and Support for Harm Reduction in Rural Counties.

Subst Use Misuse. 2023

[10]
Does a Survivorship Model of Opioid Use Disorder Improve Public Stigma or Policy Support? A General Population Randomized Experiment.

J Gen Intern Med. 2023-5

本文引用的文献

[1]
Pointing Fingers: Who US Adults Blame for the Opioid Overdose Epidemic.

Subst Use Addctn J. 2025-4

[2]
Associations between partisan media consumption, opioid use disorder stigma, and opioid policy support: An exploration of the media's role in the ongoing opioid epidemic.

Prev Med Rep. 2023-9-20

[3]
Support for evidence-informed opioid policies and interventions: The role of racial attitudes, political affiliation, and opioid stigma.

Prev Med. 2022-5

[4]
Learning From the Lived Experiences of People With Opioid Use Disorder: A Pilot Study of the Impact on Students' Stigma Perceptions and Attitudes.

J Addict Nurs.

[5]
A systematic review of stigma interventions for providers who treat patients with substance use disorders.

J Subst Abuse Treat. 2021-12

[6]
A qualitative analysis of interprofessional students' perceptions toward patients with opioid use disorder after a patient panel experience.

Subst Abus. 2019-2-27

[7]
Modeling Health Benefits and Harms of Public Policy Responses to the US Opioid Epidemic.

Am J Public Health. 2018-8-23

[8]
Social Stigma Toward Persons With Prescription Opioid Use Disorder: Associations With Public Support for Punitive and Public Health-Oriented Policies.

Psychiatr Serv. 2017-5-1

[9]
Stigma, discrimination, treatment effectiveness, and policy: public views about drug addiction and mental illness.

Psychiatr Serv. 2014-10

[10]
Flexibility now, consistency later: psychological distance and construal shape evaluative responding.

J Pers Soc Psychol. 2010-7

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