Perfilyeva Yuliya V, Aquino Arthur D, Borodin Maxim A, Kali Aikyn, Abdolla Nurshat, Ostapchuk Yekaterina O, Tleulieva Raikhan, Perfilyeva Anastassiya V, Jainakbayev Nurlan T, Sharipov Kamalidin O, Belyaev Nikolai N
M.A. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Int Rev Immunol. 2025;44(4):196-212. doi: 10.1080/08830185.2024.2443423. Epub 2024 Dec 21.
Preventive vaccination is a crucial strategy for controlling and preventing infectious diseases, offering both effectiveness and cost-efficiency. However, despite the widespread success of vaccination programs, there are still certain population groups who struggle to mount adequate responses to immunization. These at-risk groups include but are not restricted to the elderly, overweight individuals, individuals with chronic infections and cancer patients. All of these groups are characterized by persistent chronic inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated that one of the key players in immune regulation and the promotion of chronic inflammation are myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). These cells possess a wide range of immunosuppressive mechanisms and are able to dampen immune responses in both antigen-specific and antigen-nonspecific manner, thus contributing to the establishment and maintenance of an inflammatory environment. Given their pivotal role in immune modulation, there is growing interest in understanding how MDSCs may influence the efficacy of vaccines, particularly in vulnerable populations. In this narrative review, we discuss whether MDSCs are able to regulate vaccine-induced immunity and whether their suppression can potentially enhance vaccine efficacy in vulnerable populations.
预防性疫苗接种是控制和预防传染病的关键策略，兼具有效性和成本效益。然而，尽管疫苗接种计划取得了广泛成功，但仍有某些人群难以对免疫接种产生足够的反应。这些高危人群包括但不限于老年人、超重个体、慢性感染患者和癌症患者。所有这些人群的特征都是持续性慢性炎症。最近的研究表明，髓系来源的抑制细胞（MDSC）是免疫调节和促进慢性炎症的关键参与者之一。这些细胞具有广泛的免疫抑制机制，能够以抗原特异性和非特异性方式抑制免疫反应，从而有助于建立和维持炎症环境。鉴于它们在免疫调节中的关键作用，人们越来越有兴趣了解MDSC如何影响疫苗的效力，特别是在脆弱人群中。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们讨论了MDSC是否能够调节疫苗诱导的免疫，以及它们的抑制作用是否有可能提高脆弱人群的疫苗效力。
