Sun Man, Tang Duozhuang, Jia Jie, Wu Yuanyuan, Yu Chenghui, Qiu Rongrong, Wang Hua, Tao Si
Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 1 Min-De Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, 1 Min-De Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
BMC Cancer. 2024 Dec 23;24(1):1570. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-13344-w.
Infections are common complications and causes of death during immunochemotherapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The gut microbiota plays a significant role in bacterial infection, but its relationship and predictive capacity with infectious complications in DLBCL are unknown.
We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples collected from 41 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL at baseline, after every two cycles of standard immunochemotherapy, during infection, and after infection recovery. Analysis of the diversity and species composition of these samples was used to evaluate the relationship between gut microbiota and bacterial infection.
Our findings demonstrate the dynamic changes of Enterobacteriaceae in patients with DLBCL during immunochemotherapy. The abundance of Enterobacteriaceae was markedly higher at baseline in patients who subsequently developed bacterial infection during immunochemotherapy than in those who did not (P < 0.0001), and showed a further increase during infection (P < 0.01), after recovery from the infection, the Enterobacteriaceae was significantly decreased (P < 0.001). While there was no significant change in patients who did not develop bacterial infection. The univariate and multivariate analysis showed that baseline abundance of Enterobacteriaceae > 4.5% was independently associated with post-immunochemotherapy bacterial infection.
Our findings suggest that the gut microbiota signatures differ between patients with DLBCL who do and do not develop bacterial infection. The baseline abundance of Enterobacteriaceae is associated with the post-immunochemotherapy bacterial infection, and it has certain predictive value. Detecting the changes of gut microbiota can help predict the risk of bacterial infection after immunochemotherapy.
感染是弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）免疫化疗期间常见的并发症和死亡原因。肠道微生物群在细菌感染中起重要作用，但其与DLBCL感染并发症的关系及预测能力尚不清楚。
我们对41例新诊断的DLBCL患者在基线、每两个周期标准免疫化疗后、感染期间及感染恢复后采集的粪便样本进行了16S rRNA基因测序。通过分析这些样本的多样性和物种组成来评估肠道微生物群与细菌感染之间的关系。
我们的研究结果显示了DLBCL患者在免疫化疗期间肠杆菌科的动态变化。免疫化疗期间发生细菌感染的患者基线时肠杆菌科丰度显著高于未发生感染的患者（P < 0.0001），且在感染期间进一步增加（P < 0.01），感染恢复后，肠杆菌科显著减少（P < 0.001）。而未发生细菌感染的患者则无显著变化。单因素和多因素分析显示，肠杆菌科基线丰度>4.5%与免疫化疗后细菌感染独立相关。
我们的研究结果表明，发生和未发生细菌感染的DLBCL患者的肠道微生物群特征不同。肠杆菌科基线丰度与免疫化疗后细菌感染相关，具有一定的预测价值。检测肠道微生物群的变化有助于预测免疫化疗后细菌感染的风险。
