Lu Weizhuo, Wen Jiyue
Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Medical Branch, Hefei Technology College, Hefei, China.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Jan 27;146:113902. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113902. Epub 2024 Dec 25.
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is located at the interface between the central nervous system (CNS) and the circulatory system, which maintains the microenvironmental homeostasis of the CNS. BBB damage is a result of CNS diseases, including ischemic stroke, and is a cause of CNS deterioration. Cerebral ischemia unleashes a profound inflammatory response to remove the damaged tissue in the CNS and prepare the brain for repair. However, the excessive neuroinflammation following stroke onset is associated with BBB breakdown, resulting in neuronal injury and worse neurological outcomes. Additionally, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are likewise responsible for the BBB injury and participate in the pathological processes of neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is one of gaseous signaling and freely diffusing molecules. Low concentration of HS yields the neuroprotection against BBB damage following stroke. This review discussed the current knowledge about the detrimental roles of neuroinflammation and MMPs in BBB injury following ischemic stroke. Specifically, we provided an updated overview of HS in protecting against BBB injury following ischemic stroke via anti-neuroinflammation and inhibiting MMP-9.
血脑屏障（BBB）位于中枢神经系统（CNS）与循环系统的界面处，维持着CNS的微环境稳态。BBB损伤是包括缺血性中风在内的CNS疾病的结果，也是CNS恶化的一个原因。脑缺血引发深刻的炎症反应，以清除CNS中的受损组织并为大脑修复做好准备。然而，中风发作后过度的神经炎症与BBB破坏有关，导致神经元损伤和更差的神经学结果。此外，基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）同样导致BBB损伤，并参与缺血性中风后神经炎症的病理过程。硫化氢（HS）是一种气体信号分子且能自由扩散。低浓度的HS对中风后BBB损伤具有神经保护作用。本综述讨论了目前关于神经炎症和MMPs在缺血性中风后BBB损伤中的有害作用的认识。具体而言，我们提供了HS通过抗神经炎症和抑制MMP-9来预防缺血性中风后BBB损伤的最新概述。
