Tang Jin-Yan, Yang Zhu-Liang
Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming 650201, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2024 Dec 6;10(12):845. doi: 10.3390/jof10120845.
and its allies are important edible and medicinal mushrooms in China. They are usually called Jiner () and have been cultivated on a commercial scale. However, due to the lack of DNA sequences from the holotype of , the taxonomic issues of the species complex are unresolved. In this study, the authors successfully generated DNA sequences from the holotype of by a genome skimming approach and additional allied species by Sanger sequencing. Based on morphological characteristics, molecular phylogenetic data, and geographic distribution patterns, four species, including three new ones, in the complex in southwestern China were uncovered. occurs at high altitudes (over 3000 m above sea level), with subalpine dead plants as its substrates, and has larger basidiospores, while the commonly cultivated species, described as in this work, is distributed in subtropical areas at altitudes between 1800 m and 2600 m on the dead wood of subtropical plants and has smaller basidiospores. The third species, namely , has habitats similar to those of but differs from the latter in its basidiomata with an uneven nodulose surface, a loose context with small internal cavities, and numerous conidia. The fourth species, , is easily distinguished from the others by its basidia, with long basal stalks and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 10.5-12.5 × 8.0-10.0 μm. All these species are parasitic on species. This study provides a solid basis for future guidance for the selection of new strains and cultivation practices of these valuable fungi.
及其近缘种是中国重要的食用和药用蘑菇。它们通常被称为鸡枞（），已进行商业化栽培。然而，由于缺乏该物种模式标本的DNA序列，该物种复合体的分类学问题尚未解决。在本研究中，作者通过基因组浅层测序方法成功获得了该物种模式标本的DNA序列，并通过桑格测序法获得了其他近缘种的DNA序列。基于形态特征、分子系统发育数据和地理分布模式，在中国西南部的该物种复合体中发现了4个物种，包括3个新物种。生长在高海拔地区（海拔超过3000米），以亚高山枯死植物为基质，担孢子较大；而本文描述的常见栽培种分布在亚热带地区，海拔1800米至2600米之间的亚热带植物枯木上，担孢子较小。第三个物种，即，其生境与相似，但在子实体上有所不同，子实体表面有不均匀的瘤状突起，质地疏松，内部有小腔，并有大量分生孢子。第四个物种，很容易通过其担子与其他物种区分开来，担子有长的基部柄，担孢子宽椭圆形，大小为10.5 - 12.5×8.0 - 10.0μm。所有这些物种都寄生于物种上。本研究为这些有价值真菌的新菌株选择和栽培实践的未来指导提供了坚实的基础。
