Pradana Radhia, Nugraha Eka Djatnika, Omori Yasutaka, Shilfa Sharah Nataz, Winarni Ilma Dwi, Wahyudi Wahyudi, Untara Untara, Kurnia Irwan, Safitri Rini, Kranrod Chutima, Sasaki Michiya, Devriany Ade, Rachman Agus Nur, Kurniawan Rusbani, Ahmad Haeranah, Muniroh Muflihatul, Islam Fahrul, Rosianna Ilsa, Nurokhim Nurokhim, Makhsun Makhsun, Widodo Susilo, Prasetio Heru, Hosoda Masahiro, Tokonami Shinji
Research Center for Safety, Metrology, and Nuclear Quality Technology, The Research Organization for Nuclear Technology, The National Research and Innovation Agency, South Tangerang, 15314, Indonesia.
Department of Radiation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, 036-8564, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):30731. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-80443-w.
Radon (Rn) and thoron (Rn) were reported as the highest contributors to natural radiation received by humans. Furthermore, radon has been stated as the second-highest cause of lung cancer. The concentrations of U and Th (the parent nuclide of radon and thoron, respectively) in nature vary with geological conditions and can be enhanced by human activities. Bangka Island in Indonesia is one such case with tin mining, where the environment contains a high amount of Th due to the island's granite bedrock. This study assesses the public's exposure to radon and thoron inhalation on Bangka Island by conducting measurements using a continuous radon-thoron monitor and a time-integrated monitor for radon, thoron, and thoron progeny concentrations. From those measurements, their diurnal and seasonal variation in the dwellings on Bangka Island were analyzed. From 135 dwellings on Bangka Island, the estimated annual effective dose derived from the inhalation of radon, thoron, and their progenies reaches 4.3 mSv at the highest and a mean of 1.7 ± 0.8 mSv in which thoron contributes more than two times higher than radon. Note that the public exposure to radon and thoron inhalation in Bangka was within the reference level for the existing exposure situation.
据报道，氡（Rn）和钍射气（Tn）是人类所接受的天然辐射的最大贡献者。此外，氡已被认定为肺癌的第二大诱因。自然界中铀（U）和钍（Th）（分别是氡和钍射气的母体核素）的浓度随地质条件而变化，并且可能因人类活动而增加。印度尼西亚的邦加岛就是这样一个例子，该岛有锡矿开采活动，由于其花岗岩基岩，该岛环境中含有大量钍。本研究通过使用连续氡 - 钍射气监测仪以及用于测量氡、钍射气及其子体浓度的时间积分监测仪进行测量，来评估邦加岛公众吸入氡和钍射气的情况。根据这些测量结果，分析了邦加岛住宅中它们的昼夜和季节变化。在邦加岛的135所住宅中，吸入氡、钍射气及其子体产生的估计年有效剂量最高达到4.3毫希沃特，平均为1.7±0.8毫希沃特，其中钍射气的贡献比氡高出两倍多。需要注意的是，邦加岛公众吸入氡和钍射气的情况处于现有照射情况下的参考水平之内。
