Tiemuer Aliya, Zhao Hongyu, Chen Jingxin, Li Hongyan, Sun Hongzhe
Department of Chemistry and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Metallomics for Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China.
JACS Au. 2024 Nov 29;4(12):4628-4638. doi: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00879. eCollection 2024 Dec 23.
Metal ions, either essential or therapeutic, play critical roles in life processes or in the treatment of diseases. Proteins and enzymes are involved in metal homeostasis and the action of metallodrugs. Imaging and identifying these metal-binding proteins will facilitate the elucidation of metal-mediated life processes. The emerging research field of metallomics and metalloproteomics has significantly advanced our understanding of metal homeostasis and the roles that metals play in biology and medicine. Fluorescence-based metalloproteomics offers the possibility of not only visualization but also identification of metal-binding proteins in living cells and tissues. Herein, we summarize different strategies of labeling and tracking of metal-binding proteins with the aid of fluorescent probes. We highlight several examples as showcases of how this fluorescence-based metalloproteomics approach could be utilized in metallobiology and chemical biology. In conclusion, we also discuss the advantages and limitations of fluorescence-based metalloproteomics approaches and point out future directions of metalloproteomics including development of more sensitive and selective fluorescence probes, integration with other omics approaches, as well as application of emerging advanced super-resolution imaging techniques that utilize fluorescent molecules or proteins. We aim to attract more scientists to engage in this exciting field.
金属离子，无论是必需的还是治疗用的，在生命过程或疾病治疗中都起着关键作用。蛋白质和酶参与金属稳态和金属药物的作用。对这些金属结合蛋白进行成像和鉴定将有助于阐明金属介导的生命过程。金属组学和金属蛋白质组学这一新兴研究领域极大地推进了我们对金属稳态以及金属在生物学和医学中所起作用的理解。基于荧光的金属蛋白质组学不仅提供了在活细胞和组织中可视化金属结合蛋白的可能性，还提供了鉴定它们的可能性。在此，我们总结了借助荧光探针标记和追踪金属结合蛋白的不同策略。我们重点介绍几个例子，展示这种基于荧光的金属蛋白质组学方法如何应用于金属生物学和化学生物学。总之，我们还讨论了基于荧光的金属蛋白质组学方法的优点和局限性，并指出金属蛋白质组学的未来发展方向，包括开发更灵敏和选择性更强的荧光探针、与其他组学方法整合，以及应用利用荧光分子或蛋白质的新兴先进超分辨率成像技术。我们旨在吸引更多科学家投身于这个令人兴奋的领域。
