Khan Mehran, Nizamani Mir Muhammad, Asif Muhammad, Kamran Ali, He Guandi, Li Xiangyang, Yang Sanwei, Xie Xin
College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China.
National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Feb;374:123969. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123969. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
The increasing contamination of ecosystems with heavy metals (HMs) due to industrial activities raises significant jeopardies to environmental health and human well-being. Addressing this issue, recent advances in the field of bioremediation have highlighted the potential of plant-associated microbiomes and genetically engineered organisms (GEOs) to mitigate HMs pollution. This review explores recent advancements in bioremediation strategies for HMs detoxification, with particular attention to omics technologies such as metagenomics, metabolomics, and metaproteomics in deepening the understanding of microbial interactions and their potential for neutralizing HMs. Additionally, Emerging strategies and technologies in GEOs and microorganism-aided nanotechnology have proven to be effective bioremediation tools, particularly for alleviating HM contamination. Despite the promising strategies developed in laboratory settings, several challenges impede their practical application, including ecological risks, regulatory limitations, and public concerns regarding the practice of genetically modified organisms. A comprehensive approach that involves interdisciplinary research is essential to enhance the efficacy and safety of bioremediation technologies. This approach should be coupled with robust regulatory frameworks and active public engagement to ensure environmental integrity and societal acceptance. This review underscores the importance of developing sustainable bioremediation strategies that align with ecological conservation goals and public health priorities.
工业活动导致生态系统中重金属（HMs）污染日益严重，对环境健康和人类福祉构成重大威胁。为解决这一问题，生物修复领域的最新进展突出了植物相关微生物群落和基因工程生物（GEOs）减轻重金属污染的潜力。本综述探讨了重金属解毒生物修复策略的最新进展，特别关注宏基因组学、代谢组学和宏蛋白质组学等组学技术在深化对微生物相互作用及其中和重金属潜力的理解方面的作用。此外，基因工程生物和微生物辅助纳米技术中的新兴策略和技术已被证明是有效的生物修复工具，特别是在减轻重金属污染方面。尽管在实验室环境中开发了有前景的策略，但一些挑战阻碍了它们的实际应用，包括生态风险、监管限制以及公众对转基因生物实践的担忧。采用跨学科研究的综合方法对于提高生物修复技术的有效性和安全性至关重要。这种方法应与强有力的监管框架和积极的公众参与相结合，以确保环境完整性和社会接受度。本综述强调了制定与生态保护目标和公共卫生优先事项相一致的可持续生物修复策略的重要性。
