Tanigo Tomomi, Endo Masayuki, Ohashi Kazutomo
Faculty of Nursing, Osaka Dental University, 11-8, Hanazono-machi, Kuzuha, Hirakata-shi 573-1121, Osaka, Japan.
Division of Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
Children (Basel). 2024 Nov 29;11(12):1460. doi: 10.3390/children11121460.
Parenting self-efficacy (PSE) is an important factor in children's development. Mothers' PSE tends to be the lowest 1 month postpartum. A common measure of PSE is the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) scale. However, no existing scale measures the PSE of Japanese mothers with newborns. Therefore, this study developed a Japanese version of the PSOC scale for mothers 1 month postpartum (Study 1) and investigated the structure of their PSE (Study 2).
In Study 1, data were collected from mothers 1 month postpartum from April to October 2017, and an exploratory factor analysis was performed on their PSOC scores. In Study 2, data were collected from mothers 1 month postpartum from January to September 2022. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted of the Japanese PSOC scale developed in Study 1 to investigate the structure of the participants' PSE 1 month postpartum.
In Study 1, a 2-factor (Efficacy and Satisfaction) 12-item Japanese PSOC scale was obtained after deleting four items because of low factor loadings. In Study 2, the model showed an acceptable fit. The Japanese PSOC (12 items) had a moderate positive correlation with Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale and the Maternal Attachment Inventory and a moderate negative correlation with the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. Furthermore, mothers whose children had siblings (versus no siblings) and mothers with three children (versus two children) had significantly higher PSOC scores.
We developed a reliable and valid Japanese version of the PSOC for mothers 1 month postpartum and revealed the structure of their PSE.
育儿自我效能感（PSE）是儿童发展中的一个重要因素。母亲的育儿自我效能感在产后1个月时往往最低。育儿自我效能感的一个常用测量工具是育儿胜任感（PSOC）量表。然而，现有的量表都没有测量日本新生儿母亲的育儿自我效能感。因此，本研究开发了产后1个月母亲版的日语PSOC量表（研究1），并调查了她们育儿自我效能感的结构（研究2）。
在研究1中，收集了2017年4月至10月产后1个月母亲的数据，并对她们的PSOC得分进行了探索性因素分析。在研究2中，收集了2022年1月至9月产后1个月母亲的数据。对研究1中开发的日语PSOC量表进行了验证性因素分析，以调查参与者产后1个月育儿自我效能感的结构。
在研究1中，由于因素载荷较低，删除了4个项目后，获得了一个包含2个因素（效能感和满意度）、12个条目的日语PSOC量表。在研究2中，模型显示拟合度可以接受。日语PSOC（12个条目）与罗森伯格自尊量表和母亲依恋量表呈中度正相关，与爱丁堡产后抑郁量表呈中度负相关。此外，孩子有兄弟姐妹的母亲（与没有兄弟姐妹的母亲相比）以及有三个孩子的母亲（与有两个孩子的母亲相比）的PSOC得分显著更高。
我们开发了一个可靠且有效的产后1个月母亲版日语PSOC量表，并揭示了她们育儿自我效能感的结构。
