Ambikile Joel Seme, Ngulupi Shabani S, Massae Agnes Fredrick
Clinical Nursing Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Department of Internal Medicine, Amana Regional Referral Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 8;20(1):e0317257. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0317257. eCollection 2025.
Globally, Chronic kidney Disease (CKD) has become a significant public health concern, with sub-Saharan Africa being among the populations experiencing the highest rates. Managing CKD poses a significant challenge due to its health complications and associated high cost of care. Hypertension is one of the leading causes of CKD, responsible for the decline in kidney function in patients. Knowledge and lifestyle modifications are pivotal to the prevention and progression of CKD. In Tanzania, little is known regarding CKD knowledge and preventive practices among patients with hypertension. Therefore, this study aimed to assess context-specific factors associated with CKD knowledge and preventive practices among patients with hypertension at Amana Regional Referral Hospital in Dar es Salaam.
An analytical cross-sectional study involving 184 patients was conducted at Amana Regional Referral Hospital. Patient were recruited at the outpatient hypertension clinic using simple random sampling in June and July 2022. Data analysis was conducted using IBM-SPSS Statistics version 25. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with knowledge and preventive practices related to CKD, with statistical significance set at a p-value < 0.05.
The median CKD knowledge score was 13 (IQR: 9-16). Of the 184 respondents, 104 (56.5%) demonstrated high CKD knowledge. None of the sociodemographic factors were significantly associated with CKD knowledge. The median score for CKD preventive practices was 9 (IQR: 8-9), and 111 respondents (60.3%) had good practices. High CKD knowledge was significantly associated with good CKD preventive practices (AOR: 1.98; 95% CI: 1.08, 3.62; p = 0.027).
A significant proportion of hypertensive patients in this study exhibited both high CKD knowledge and good preventive practices. The positive correlation between CKD knowledge and improved preventive practices highlights the importance of educational interventions to further enhance CKD knowledge among patients with hypertension.
在全球范围内，慢性肾脏病（CKD）已成为一个重大的公共卫生问题，撒哈拉以南非洲地区是发病率最高的人群之一。由于其健康并发症和相关的高昂护理成本，管理慢性肾脏病带来了重大挑战。高血压是慢性肾脏病的主要病因之一，导致患者肾功能下降。知识和生活方式的改变对于慢性肾脏病的预防和进展至关重要。在坦桑尼亚，对于高血压患者的慢性肾脏病知识和预防措施知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在评估达累斯萨拉姆阿马纳地区转诊医院高血压患者中与慢性肾脏病知识和预防措施相关的特定背景因素。
在阿马纳地区转诊医院对184名患者进行了一项分析性横断面研究。2022年6月和7月，在门诊高血压诊所采用简单随机抽样方法招募患者。使用IBM-SPSS Statistics 25版进行数据分析。进行双变量和多因素逻辑回归分析，以确定与慢性肾脏病知识和预防措施相关的因素，统计学显著性设定为p值<0.05。
慢性肾脏病知识得分中位数为13（四分位间距：9 - 16）。在184名受访者中，104人（56.5%）表现出较高的慢性肾脏病知识水平。社会人口统计学因素均与慢性肾脏病知识无显著关联。慢性肾脏病预防措施得分中位数为9（四分位间距：8 - 9），111名受访者（60.3%）有良好的预防措施。较高的慢性肾脏病知识水平与良好的慢性肾脏病预防措施显著相关（调整后比值比：1.98；95%置信区间：1.08, 3.62；p = 0.027）。
本研究中相当一部分高血压患者表现出较高的慢性肾脏病知识水平和良好的预防措施。慢性肾脏病知识与改善预防措施之间的正相关突出了教育干预对于进一步提高高血压患者慢性肾脏病知识的重要性。
