Prillwitz Marco, Tauber Mark, Martetschläger Frank
Deutsches Schulterzentrum, Atos Klinik München, Effnerstr. 38, 81925, München, Deutschland.
Deutscher Eishockey Bund, Betzenweg 34, 81247, München, Deutschland.
Orthopadie (Heidelb). 2025 Feb;54(2):157-165. doi: 10.1007/s00132-024-04590-8. Epub 2025 Jan 7.
Fractures of the clavicle (Latin clavicula, little key), which mainly occur in young men, account for 2.6-4% of all fractures in adults [1]. Above the age of 65 years more clavicular fractures occur in women [1]. The incidence is rising and can best be explained by the increase in sport or recreational accidents [2]. As a rule clavicular fractures are compression fractures caused by direct trauma from falls onto the shoulder or the posterolateral edge of the acromion. Indirect trauma with a fall onto the outstretched hand is a relatively rare mechanism of injury [2, 3]. Plain standard X-rays confirm the mostly obvious clinical presentation of a clavicular fracture [2]. In the case of a closed nondisplaced fracture, conservative treatment can be carried out [4]. Surgical treatment is recommended for dislocated fractures with shortening, which results in a significant decrease of pseudarthrosis [4].
锁骨骨折（拉丁语clavicula，意为小钥匙）主要发生在年轻男性中，占成人所有骨折的2.6% - 4%[1]。65岁以上女性发生锁骨骨折的情况更多[1]。其发病率正在上升，这最能通过运动或娱乐事故的增加来解释[2]。通常，锁骨骨折是由于肩部或肩峰后外侧边缘着地摔倒导致的直接创伤引起的压缩性骨折。因伸手撑地摔倒导致的间接创伤是一种相对罕见的损伤机制[2, 3]。普通标准X线片可证实锁骨骨折大多明显的临床表现[2]。对于闭合性无移位骨折，可进行保守治疗[4]。对于伴有缩短的脱位骨折，建议进行手术治疗，这可显著降低假关节形成的发生率[4]。
