Aryan Fatemah A M, Prakas Petras, Juozaitytė-Ngugu Evelina, Šneideris Donatas, Abd-Al-Aal Zein, Alhoot Abd Allah A, El-Kabbany Amira I, Tahrani Laila M A, El-Azazy Osama M E
Department of Science, College of Basic Education, PAAET, Kuwait, Kuwait.
Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, Vilnius, LT-08412, Lithuania.
Acta Parasitol. 2025 Jan 7;70(1):11. doi: 10.1007/s11686-024-00952-6.
The objective of the study was to establish the prevalence of Sarcocystis (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae) in brown rats from Jleeb Al-Shuyoukh, Kuwait, and to describe detected parasites using morphological and DNA analysis methods.
Ninety-eight brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) were examined for Sarcocystis spp. Obtained sarcocysts were investigated using light microscopy and electron microscopy. The detected Sarcocystis species was characterised at nuclear 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2, (ITS1 and ITS2), mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and cytochrome b (cytb), and apicoplast RNA polymerase beta subunit (rpoB).
Sarcocysts were found in thigh muscles of 13.3% of the animals examined, while no oocysts/sporocysts were detected in faecal samples. Under a light microscope, sarcocysts were spindle-shaped, 850-3152 × 73-125 μm (1781 ± 763 × 99 ± 15 μm) in size and had thin (up to 0.9 μm) and apparently smooth cyst wall. By transmission electron microscopy, sarcocyst wall was 0.7-1.1 μm in thickness with numerous osmiophilic bleb-like protrusions. Based on DNA sequencing the sarcocysts examined were identified as S. cymruensis. Notably, ITS2 and rpoB sequences of S. cymruensis were obtained for the first time. No intraspecific variation was detected comparing 28S rRNA, ITS1, cox1 and cytb sequences of S. cymruensis isolated from Kuwait, Grenada and China. According to phylogenetic analysis, S. cymruensis was most closely related to S. muris, S. myodes and S. ratti using rodents as their intermediate hosts and cats as their identified or predatory mammals as their presumed definitive hosts.
We present the first report of S. cymruensis in Kuwait and in Persian Gulf area. The study shed light on the usefulness of different genetic loci for the characterization of Sarcocystis spp. from rodents.
本研究的目的是确定科威特朱利卜·舒尤赫地区褐家鼠中肉孢子虫（顶复门，肉孢子虫科）的流行情况，并使用形态学和DNA分析方法描述检测到的寄生虫。
对98只褐家鼠（褐家鼠）进行了肉孢子虫属检查。使用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对获得的肉孢子虫进行研究。通过核18S和28S核糖体RNA（rRNA）、内部转录间隔区1和2（ITS1和ITS2）、线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I（cox1）和细胞色素b（cytb）以及质体RNA聚合酶β亚基（rpoB）对检测到的肉孢子虫物种进行特征分析。
在所检查的动物中，13.3%的动物大腿肌肉中发现了肉孢子虫，而粪便样本中未检测到卵囊/子孢子囊。在光学显微镜下，肉孢子虫呈纺锤形，大小为850-3152×73-125μm（1781±763×99±15μm），囊壁薄（可达0.9μm）且表面明显光滑。通过透射电子显微镜观察，肉孢子虫囊壁厚度为0.7-1.1μm，有许多嗜锇性泡状突起。基于DNA测序，所检查的肉孢子虫被鉴定为威尔士肉孢子虫。值得注意的是，首次获得了威尔士肉孢子虫的ITS2和rpoB序列。比较从科威特、格林纳达和中国分离的威尔士肉孢子虫的28S rRNA、ITS1、cox1和cytb序列，未检测到种内变异。根据系统发育分析，威尔士肉孢子虫与以啮齿动物为中间宿主、猫为确定宿主或推测以捕食性哺乳动物为终末宿主的鼠肉孢子虫、田鼠肉孢子虫和大鼠肉孢子虫关系最为密切。
我们首次报道了科威特和波斯湾地区的威尔士肉孢子虫。该研究揭示了不同基因座在鉴定来自啮齿动物的肉孢子虫属中的作用。
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