年轻以及重返赛场会增加足球运动员后续进行前交叉韧带重建的可能性：来自瑞典国家膝关节韧带注册中心的数据。
Young age and return to play increase the likelihood of subsequent ACL reconstruction in football players: Data from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry.
作者信息
Fältström Anne, Forssblad Magnus, Sandon Alexander
机构信息
Region Jönköping County, Rehabilitation Centre, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden.
Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
出版信息
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2025 Jan 8. doi: 10.1002/ksa.12580.
PURPOSE
To compare football players who have undergone one anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) with those who have undergone a subsequent ACLR (revision or contralateral) regarding (1) demographics, (2) football-related factors and (3) injury-specific data.
METHODS
Players who voluntarily completed a football-specific questionnaire available at the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry website between April 2017 and September 2020 at the time of their primary ACL injury were included in the study. The questionnaire covered demographics, football-related activities and injury-specific factors. Subsequent ACLR registrations within 4 years of the primary ACLR were identified in December 2023. Data on game participation post-primary ACLR were retrieved from the Swedish Football Association's administrative system in September 2022.
RESULTS
A total of 992 football players (66% men) were included, of whom 99 (10%) were registered for subsequent ACLRs. Univariable analysis showed that the following factors significantly increased the odds of a subsequent ACLR: female sex, younger age, a lower weight and body mass index, fewer years played, use of knee control exercises during warm-up, more likely to plan a return to football, more game participation registered following the primary ACLR, and shorter time between injury and ACLR. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds of undergoing subsequent ACLR decreased significantly with each additional year of age (odds ratio [OR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83‒0.92, p < 0.01). Players using knee control exercises during warm-up (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.08‒2.72, p = 0.02), planning to return to football (OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.27‒5.91, p = 0.01), and participating in games after primary ACLR (OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.13‒2.91, p = 0.01) increased the odds of undergoing a subsequent ACLR.
CONCLUSIONS
Younger age and returning to play after an ACLR significantly increase the likelihood of undergoing a subsequent ACLR in football players.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level IV.
目的
比较接受过一次前交叉韧带（ACL）重建术（ACLR）的足球运动员与接受过后续ACL重建术（翻修或对侧）的足球运动员在以下方面的情况：（1）人口统计学特征，（2）与足球相关的因素，以及（3）特定损伤数据。
方法
本研究纳入了在2017年4月至2020年9月期间，在瑞典国家膝关节韧带登记处网站自愿填写特定足球调查问卷的运动员，这些运动员在初次ACL损伤时填写了问卷。该问卷涵盖了人口统计学特征、与足球相关的活动以及特定损伤因素。在2023年12月确定了初次ACLR后4年内的后续ACLR登记情况。2022年9月从瑞典足球协会的管理系统中获取了初次ACLR后比赛参与情况的数据。
结果
总共纳入了992名足球运动员（66%为男性），其中99人（10%）登记进行了后续ACLR。单因素分析表明，以下因素显著增加了后续ACLR的几率：女性性别、年龄较小、体重和体重指数较低、踢球年限较少、热身时使用膝关节控制练习、更有可能计划重返足球运动、初次ACLR后登记的比赛参与次数更多，以及受伤与ACLR之间的时间较短。多因素逻辑回归分析表明，年龄每增加一岁，接受后续ACLR的几率显著降低（优势比[OR]，0.87；95%置信区间[CI]，0.83‒0.92，p < 0.01）。热身时使用膝关节控制练习的运动员（OR，1.71；95%CI，1.08‒2.72，p = 0.02）、计划重返足球运动的运动员（OR，2.74；95%CI，1.27‒5.91，p = 0.01）以及初次ACLR后参加比赛的运动员（OR，1.81；95%CI，1.13‒2.91，p = 0.01）接受后续ACLR的几率增加。
结论
年龄较小以及在ACLR后重返赛场会显著增加足球运动员接受后续ACLR的可能性。
证据水平
四级。
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