Tian Yuan, Pei Zhihao, Luan Deyan, Lou Xiong Wen David
Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong, China.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2025 Mar 24;64(13):e202423454. doi: 10.1002/anie.202423454. Epub 2025 Jan 16.
Li metal batteries (LMBs), particularly with a limited Li metal anode and a 5V-class cathode, offer significantly higher energy density compared to the state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries. However, the limited Li anode poses severe challenges to cycling stability due to low efficiency and large volume expansion issues associated with Li. Herein, we design a lightweight and functionalized host composed of Sn nanoparticles embedded into necklace-like B,N,F-doped carbon macroporous fibers (Sn@B/N/F-CMFs) toward anode-less 5V-class LMBs. The macroporous framework can decrease the local current density to homogenize Li deposition and release structural stress to realize high areal capacity of over 40 mAh cm. The lithiophilic B,N,F-doped carbon and Sn nanoparticles can function as high-affinity Li binding sites to uniformize Li nucleus growth on the internal and external surface of hollow fibers. Accordingly, the Sn@B/N/F-CMFs enable stable dendrite-free Li plating/stripping behaviors for 1700 h even in the carbonate-based electrolyte. When coupled with a 5V-class LiNiMnO cathode, the assembled anode-less pouch cell also displays stable cycling performance even under harsh conditions.
锂金属电池（LMBs），特别是具有有限锂金属阳极和5V级阴极的电池，与最先进的锂离子电池相比，具有显著更高的能量密度。然而，有限的锂阳极由于与锂相关的低效率和大体积膨胀问题，对循环稳定性提出了严峻挑战。在此，我们设计了一种由嵌入项链状B、N、F掺杂碳大孔纤维（Sn@B/N/F-CMFs）中的锡纳米颗粒组成的轻质功能化主体，用于无阳极5V级LMBs。大孔框架可以降低局部电流密度，使锂沉积均匀化，并释放结构应力，以实现超过40 mAh cm的高面积容量。亲锂的B、N、F掺杂碳和锡纳米颗粒可以作为高亲和力的锂结合位点，使中空纤维内外表面的锂核生长均匀化。因此，即使在基于碳酸盐的电解质中，Sn@B/N/F-CMFs也能实现1700小时的稳定无枝晶锂电镀/剥离行为。当与5V级LiNiMnO阴极耦合时，组装的无阳极软包电池即使在苛刻条件下也能显示出稳定的循环性能。
