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二氧化钛纳米颗粒对严寒条件下变压器油击穿电压影响的研究

Study on the influence of TiO2 nanoparticles on the breakdown voltage of transformer oil under severe cold conditions.

作者信息

Qin Chunxu, Lin Wenjie, Huang Yongxiang, Liu Liqiang, Hua Huichun, Liang Huijuan

机构信息

College of Electric Power, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, China.

Engineering Research Center of Large Energy Storage Technology, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, China.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2025 Jan 9;20(1):e0307230. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307230. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0307230
PMID:39787075
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11717269/
Abstract

The modified nanoparticles can significantly improve the insulation characteristics of transformer oil. Currently, there is a lack of research on the actual motion state of particles in nanofluid to further understand the micro-mechanism of nanoparticles improving the insulation characteristics of transformer oil. In this study, the nanofluid containing 0.01g/L of TiO2 with a particle size of 20nm is prepared using the thermal oscillation method. Breakdown voltage tests are carried out. The experimental test results show that adding nanoparticles can significantly reduce the breakdown probability of transformer oil. The more the water content, the less the enhancement effect of the nanofluid on breakdown voltage. The higher the temperature, the stronger the enhancement effect of the nanofluid on breakdown voltage. Finally, the polarization process of nanoparticles and the trajectory of charged particles in the transformer oil under different electric fields are simulated using COMSOL to further analyze the influence mechanism of nanoparticles on the insulation characteristics of transformer oil. The simulation results show that under the action of the electric field, nanoparticles polarize and generate charge shallow traps to adsorb electrons, reducing the high-speed free charges in the oil, and indirectly increasing the breakdown voltage.

摘要

改性纳米颗粒能显著改善变压器油的绝缘特性。目前，对于纳米流体中颗粒的实际运动状态缺乏研究，难以进一步了解纳米颗粒改善变压器油绝缘特性的微观机制。在本研究中，采用热振荡法制备了含0.01g/L粒径为20nm的TiO₂纳米流体。进行了击穿电压测试。实验测试结果表明，添加纳米颗粒可显著降低变压器油的击穿概率。含水量越高，纳米流体对击穿电压的增强效果越弱。温度越高，纳米流体对击穿电压的增强效果越强。最后，利用COMSOL模拟了不同电场下纳米颗粒的极化过程以及变压器油中带电粒子的轨迹，以进一步分析纳米颗粒对变压器油绝缘特性的影响机制。模拟结果表明，在电场作用下，纳米颗粒极化并产生电荷浅陷阱吸附电子，减少了油中的高速自由电荷，间接提高了击穿电压。

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