Kitil Gemeda Wakgari, Dinagde Dagne Deresa, Butta Fikadu Wake, Tola Melese Adugna, Feyisa Gizu Tola, Marami Shambel Negesse, Jifar Wakuma Wakene, Dube Geleta Nenko, Shibabaw Adamu Ambachew, Gebeyehu Chernet Desalegn, Chereka Alex Ayenew
Departments of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.
Departments of Health Informatics, College of Health Sciences, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 12;11(1):e41175. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41175. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.
Child sexual abuse is a grave issue with significant consequences for the well-being and development of children worldwide. Understanding the scope of this problem is essential, particularly in Ethiopia, where protecting the nation's youth is crucial. Although child sexual abuse is a critical issue, there is a lack of comprehensive assessment of its prevalence and associated factors in Ethiopia. This study aims to fill this gap by conducting a meta-analysis and systematic review to explore the current prevalence and contributing factors of female child sexual abuse in Ethiopia.
This study followed the PRISMA checklist, focusing on Ethiopian studies. Nine relevant studies were identified from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medline, and the Cochrane Library for the final meta-analysis and systematic review. The analysis was performed with STATA version 11, utilizing a structured checklist for data extraction. To assess heterogeneity, the Cochrane Q test statistic and I tests were employed. To check for publication bias, Egger's weighted regression, Begg's test, and a funnel plot were utilized.
A total of 1230 research articles were initially identified for this systematic review and meta-analysis. After screening, nine studies met the eligibility criteria, with a combined sample size of 3930 children across all studies. The pooled prevalence of child sexual abuse among female students was 36.83 % [95 % CI: 24.35-49.32]. This meta-analysis identified several factors significantly associated with child sexual abuse: children living alone (OR = 4.45, 95 % CI: 2.65-7.46), living with friends (OR = 3.49, 95 % CI: 2.35-5.18), alcohol consumption (OR = 2.72, 95 % CI: 1.70-4.35), cigarette smoking (OR = 3.83, 95 % CI: 1.66-8.83), parental conflicts (OR = 2.50, 95 % CI: 1.43-4.36), lack of open discussion about reproductive health (OR = 3.44, 95 % CI: 1.84-6.42), and family control practices (OR = 1.92, 95 % CI: 1.16-3.17).
The pooled prevalence of child sexual abuse among female students (36.83 %) highlights a critical need for focused preventive efforts. Key risk factors identified include living alone or with friends, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, parental conflicts, limited reproductive health discussions, and controlling family practices. Addressing these through community education, family support, and open communication on reproductive health could help reduce abuse risk among vulnerable groups.
儿童性虐待是一个严重问题，对全球儿童的福祉和发展产生重大影响。了解这一问题的范围至关重要，尤其是在埃塞俄比亚，保护该国青少年至关重要。尽管儿童性虐待是一个关键问题，但埃塞俄比亚缺乏对其患病率及相关因素的全面评估。本研究旨在通过进行荟萃分析和系统评价来填补这一空白，以探讨埃塞俄比亚女童性虐待的当前患病率及促成因素。
本研究遵循PRISMA清单，重点关注埃塞俄比亚的研究。从PubMed、谷歌学术、Scopus、Medline和考科蓝图书馆等数据库中识别出9项相关研究，用于最终的荟萃分析和系统评价。使用STATA 11版进行分析，利用结构化清单进行数据提取。为评估异质性，采用了考科蓝Q检验统计量和I²检验。为检查发表偏倚，使用了Egger加权回归、Begg检验和漏斗图。
本系统评价和荟萃分析最初共识别出1230篇研究文章。筛选后，9项研究符合纳入标准，所有研究的合并样本量为3930名儿童。女学生中儿童性虐待的合并患病率为36.83%[95%置信区间：24.35 - 49.32]。该荟萃分析确定了几个与儿童性虐待显著相关的因素：独自生活的儿童（比值比=4.45，95%置信区间：2.65 - 7.46）、与朋友同住（比值比=3.49，95%置信区间：2.35 - 5.18）、饮酒（比值比=2.72，95%置信区间：1.70 - 4.35）、吸烟（比值比=3.83，95%置信区间：1.66 - 8.83）、父母冲突（比值比=2.50，95%置信区间：1.43 - 4.36）、缺乏关于生殖健康的公开讨论（比值比=3.44，95%置信区间：1.84 - 6.42）以及家庭控制措施（比值比=1.92，95%置信区间：1.16 - 3.17）。
女学生中儿童性虐待的合并患病率（36.83%）凸显了集中开展预防工作的迫切需求。确定的关键风险因素包括独自生活或与朋友同住、饮酒、吸烟、父母冲突、生殖健康讨论有限以及家庭控制措施。通过社区教育、家庭支持和关于生殖健康的公开沟通来解决这些问题，有助于降低弱势群体中的虐待风险。
