Kotawadekar Rajeshree A, Waghachavare Vivek B, Gore Alka, Dhobale Randhir V
Community Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College and Hospital, Sangli, IND.
Biostatistics, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College and Hospital, Sangli, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 11;16(12):e75542. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75542. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Noncommunicable diseases, especially diabetes and hypertension, have emerged as significant public health challenges. Regular screening, even among healthy individuals, is essential for early diagnosis and prevention of complications.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban ward of the Sangli-Miraj-Kupwad municipal corporation in Maharashtra, India, and cluster random sampling was used to collect data. A total of 430 participants aged 10 years and older were enrolled in the study. The institutional committee approved the study, and all guidelines, including consent and confidentiality, were strictly followed throughout the research. Data collection employed the World Health Organization (WHO) Stepwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) instrument. Descriptive statistics, such as percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were used to summarize the distribution of important variables in the study population. Inferential statistical tests, including unpaired t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA), were applied to compare mean blood pressure and blood sugar levels among participants with differing characteristics. Logistic regression was utilized to identify the best predictors for elevated blood pressure and blood sugar levels.
Out of the 430 participants, 366 (85.1%) exhibited risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Elevated blood pressure and blood sugar levels were noted in 220 (51.2%) and 194 (45.1%) subjects, respectively. Age and average systolic blood pressure were the best predictors for random blood sugar levels, while age, lifestyle-related risk factors, religion, overweight, and random blood sugar levels were the best predictors for systolic blood pressure. Marital status and random blood sugar levels were the best predictors for diastolic blood pressure.
Our findings highlight that a substantial proportion of apparently healthy people have elevated blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Hence, regular screening from a young age is recommended.
非传染性疾病，尤其是糖尿病和高血压，已成为重大的公共卫生挑战。即使在健康个体中进行定期筛查，对于早期诊断和预防并发症也至关重要。
本横断面研究在印度马哈拉施特拉邦桑利-米拉杰-库普瓦德市政公司的一个城市病房进行，采用整群随机抽样收集数据。共有430名10岁及以上的参与者纳入研究。机构委员会批准了该研究，在整个研究过程中严格遵循所有指导方针，包括同意和保密。数据收集采用世界卫生组织（WHO）的逐步监测方法（STEPS）工具。描述性统计，如百分比、均值和标准差，用于总结研究人群中重要变量的分布。推断性统计检验，包括不成对t检验和方差分析（ANOVA），用于比较不同特征参与者的平均血压和血糖水平。逻辑回归用于确定血压和血糖水平升高的最佳预测因素。
在430名参与者中，366名（85.1%）表现出非传染性疾病的危险因素。分别有220名（51.2%）和194名（45.1%）受试者血压和血糖水平升高。年龄和平均收缩压是随机血糖水平的最佳预测因素，而年龄、与生活方式相关的危险因素、宗教信仰、超重和随机血糖水平是收缩压的最佳预测因素。婚姻状况和随机血糖水平是舒张压的最佳预测因素。
我们的研究结果表明，相当一部分看似健康的人血压和血糖水平升高。因此，建议从年轻时就进行定期筛查。
