Ebong Imo A, Wilson Machelle, Racette Susan B, Appiah Duke, Schreiner Pamela J, Allison Matthew, Watson Karol, Bertoni Alain G, Michos Erin D
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.
Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2025 Mar;34(3):294-306. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2024.0508. Epub 2025 Jan 13.
We investigated associations of menopausal age category with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and waist-height ratio. We also explored the moderating effect of anthropometric measures on associations of menopausal age category with prespecified sex hormones: estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), sex hormone-binding globulin, bioavailable testosterone, and total testosterone-estradiol (T/E) ratio. In this cross-sectional study, we included 2,436 postmenopausal women from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis who had menopausal age, anthropometric, and sex hormone data at baseline. Menopausal age was categorized as <45 years (early menopause), 45-49 years, 50-54 years (referent), and ≥55 years (late menopause). Linear models were used for analysis. The mean (standard deviation) age was 64.7 (9.2) years. After multivariable adjustment, women who experienced late menopause had higher waist circumference (2.28 cm), waist-hip ratio (0.013 units), and waist-height ratio (0.014 units) but not BMI than those in the referent category. The interaction terms between menopausal age category and anthropometric measures were not significant for prespecified sex hormones (all >0.05). When compared with the referent category, T/E ratio was 21% (4.72 - 39.8%) higher among women with late menopause while DHEA levels were 9% (1 - 16%) higher among women who experienced menopause between 45 and 49 years in multivariable adjusted models. Women with late menopause had higher abdominal adiposity but not generalized adiposity when compared with those who experienced menopause between 50 and 54 years of age. Androgenicity was higher among women who experienced menopause between 45 and 49 years of age and those with late menopause, based on DHEA and T/E ratios, respectively.
我们研究了绝经年龄类别与体重指数（BMI）、腰围、腰臀比和腰高比之间的关联。我们还探讨了人体测量指标对绝经年龄类别与预先指定的性激素（雌二醇、脱氢表雄酮（DHEA）、性激素结合球蛋白、生物可利用睾酮和总睾酮 - 雌二醇（T/E）比值）之间关联的调节作用。在这项横断面研究中，我们纳入了来自动脉粥样硬化多族裔研究的2436名绝经后女性，她们在基线时具有绝经年龄、人体测量和性激素数据。绝经年龄被分类为<45岁（早绝经）、45 - 49岁、50 - 54岁（参照组）和≥55岁（晚绝经）。使用线性模型进行分析。平均（标准差）年龄为64.7（9.2）岁。经过多变量调整后，与参照组相比，晚绝经的女性腰围更高（2.28厘米）、腰臀比更高（0.013单位）、腰高比更高（0.014单位），但BMI没有差异。绝经年龄类别与人体测量指标之间的交互项对于预先指定的性激素均无显著意义（均>0.05）。在多变量调整模型中，与参照组相比，晚绝经女性的T/E比值高21%（4.72 - 39.8%），而45至49岁绝经女性的DHEA水平高9%（1 - 16%）。与50至5年龄绝经的女性相比，晚绝经女性腹部肥胖程度更高，但全身肥胖程度无差异。分别基于DHEA和T/E比值，45至49岁绝经的女性和晚绝经女性的雄激素水平更高。
