Purohit Anil, Huda Ramesh K, Mohanty Suman S, Babu Bontha V
Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Implementation Research on Non- Communicable Diseases, New Pali Road, Jodhpur, 342005, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 16;15(1):2196. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81224-1.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), a genetic condition, carries significant public health implications due to its impact on mortality, morbidity and quality of life. SCD is prevalent among tribal communities. The objective of this study was to conduct a screening of the tribal population and report the prevalence of SCD in southern Rajasthan, India.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in two blocks of southern Rajasthan to determine the prevalence of Sickle Cell Trait (SCT) and SCD. The study population underwent screening for SCD initially using the solubility test method. Family members of individuals tested positive for the solubility test were also screened. Subsequently, blood samples were collected from individuals who were positive for the solubility test. The confirmation of SCT and SCD was carried out through HPLC.
The prevalence of SCT and SCD was 9.87% and 0.32%, respectively. The highest combined prevalence (including SCT and SCD) of 15.52% was observed among the Garasiya tribe, followed by the Bhil tribe with the prevalence of 9.68%.
SCD is moderately prevalent, with less than a per cent among the tribal population of Southern Rajasthan. However, the prevalence of SCT is about 10%. The study also highlights the feasibility of implementing a population-based screening program. This program can be readily implemented within tribal habitations as a component of the proposed national SCD program.
镰状细胞病（SCD）是一种遗传性疾病，因其对死亡率、发病率和生活质量的影响而具有重大的公共卫生意义。SCD在部落社区中普遍存在。本研究的目的是对部落人群进行筛查，并报告印度拉贾斯坦邦南部SCD的患病率。
在拉贾斯坦邦南部的两个街区进行了一项横断面研究，以确定镰状细胞性状（SCT）和SCD的患病率。研究人群最初采用溶解度测试方法进行SCD筛查。溶解度测试呈阳性的个体的家庭成员也进行了筛查。随后，从溶解度测试呈阳性的个体中采集血样。通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对SCT和SCD进行确认。
SCT和SCD的患病率分别为9.87%和0.32%。在加拉西亚部落中观察到最高的综合患病率（包括SCT和SCD）为15.52%，其次是比尔部落，患病率为9.68%。
SCD在拉贾斯坦邦南部部落人群中的患病率中等，低于1%。然而，SCT的患病率约为10%。该研究还强调了实施基于人群的筛查项目的可行性。作为拟议的国家SCD项目的一个组成部分，该项目可以很容易地在部落聚居地实施。
