K Sree Harichandana, B Kiran, P Kala, Rani Jamuna
Pharmacology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 16;16(12):e75792. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75792. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Organ donation refers to the collection of a human organ from a living or deceased donor and its transplantation into a recipient. An organ transplant recipient is a patient with organ failure who will not survive unless he receives a new organ. Although the benefits of organ transplantation are undeniable, there is a significant gap between the number of donors and recipients, as the demand for organs greatly surpasses the available supply.
This interventional health education study aimed to increase awareness regarding organ donation through a survey consisting of pre- and post-questionnaires. The study included 226 participants from the general population of Tamil Nadu, aged 18 years or older and of both genders. The study was conducted over three months, from September to November 2023.
Of the 226 study participants, 220 (97.30%) belong to the 18-40 age group, and 154 (68.1%) were female participants. Before the educational intervention, 132 (58.40%) participants were aware of organ donation. After the educational intervention, knowledge about the organ donation card increased from 101 (44.69%) participants to 152 (67.25%), and the inclination to donate organs rose from 128 (56.63%) to 151 (66.81%). Overall, awareness about organ donation improved from 132 (58.40%) to 175 (77.43%). The study noted that 128 (56.63%) participants viewed religious beliefs as a barrier to organ donation, a perception that remained unchanged, with 152 (67.25%) participants still holding this view even after the educational intervention. Conclusion: This interventional health education study aimed to inform the general population about the importance of organ donation in India, where road traffic accidents frequently lead to brain death, and a lack of awareness potentially limits organ donation opportunities. Despite high levels of education, many individuals remain reluctant to donate organs and lack an organ donor card. Although there is a strong willingness to donate, registration rates remain low, suggesting the presence of potential obstacles, such as religious beliefs and insufficient knowledge about organ donation. Implementing targeted educational campaigns that involve spiritual leaders and provide accurate data about organ donation is crucial. This could improve public awareness and participation. Implementing an opt-out system, wherein individuals are presumed willing to donate unless they explicitly decline, could significantly increase donor rates.
器官捐赠是指从活体或已故捐赠者身上摘取人体器官并移植到接受者体内。器官移植接受者是患有器官衰竭的患者，除非接受新器官，否则将无法存活。尽管器官移植的益处不可否认，但捐赠者和接受者的数量之间存在显著差距，因为器官需求远远超过了可获得的供应。
这项干预性健康教育研究旨在通过一项包含前后问卷的调查来提高对器官捐赠的认识。该研究纳入了226名来自泰米尔纳德邦普通人群的参与者，年龄在18岁及以上，男女皆有。研究于2023年9月至11月进行了三个月。
在226名研究参与者中，220名（97.30%）属于18 - 40岁年龄组，154名（68.1%）为女性参与者。在教育干预前，132名（58.40%）参与者了解器官捐赠。教育干预后，了解器官捐赠卡的参与者从101名（44.69%）增加到152名（67.25%），捐赠器官的意愿从128名（56.63%）上升到151名（66.81%）。总体而言，对器官捐赠的认识从132名（58.40%）提高到175名（77.43%）。研究指出，128名（56.63%）参与者将宗教信仰视为器官捐赠的障碍，这种看法没有改变，即使在教育干预后仍有152名（67.25%）参与者持有这种观点。
这项干预性健康教育研究旨在让印度普通民众了解器官捐赠的重要性，在印度，道路交通事故经常导致脑死亡，而意识的缺乏可能会限制器官捐赠的机会。尽管教育水平较高，但许多人仍然不愿意捐赠器官且没有器官捐赠卡。尽管有强烈的捐赠意愿，但登记率仍然很低，这表明存在潜在障碍，如宗教信仰和对器官捐赠的知识不足。开展有针对性的教育活动，让宗教领袖参与并提供有关器官捐赠的准确数据至关重要。这可以提高公众意识和参与度。实施退出系统，即除非个人明确拒绝，否则假定其愿意捐赠，可能会显著提高捐赠率。
