Wang Qian, Wang Xuemei, Xu Danning, Jiang Mengjie, Gao Yidan, Jiang Lijuan, Liu Meilian, Tang Haoneng, Tang Lingli
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Front Immunol. 2025 Jan 7;15:1510760. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1510760. eCollection 2024.
The role of adiponectin (APN) in regulating inflammation is well recognized in metabolic disease, but the dysregulation of APN in lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) remains controversial. We aimed to measure APN and its signaling receptors, adiponectin receptor (AdipoR), in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from LRTI patients to explore their potential roles in the LRTI process.
A total of 99 LRTI patients from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were categorized into acute (n=35) and non-acute (n=64), and non-severe (n=62) and severe (n=37) groups. Serum APN was quantified using ELISA, and mRNA levels of PBMC AdipoRs were determined by RT-qPCR.
Both levels of APN in circulation and AdipoR1 mRNA were significantly elevated in the LRTI patients (=2.61E-04; =2.49E-08), while no statistical difference was observed for AdipoR2. APN levels were increased in the non-acute group compared to the acute group (=6.06E-04) and AdipoR1 levels were higher in the severe group (=0.004). Increased APN and AdipoR1 mRNA levels were positively associated with LRTI even after adjustment for sex, age, BMI and blood lipids (OR=1.10; 95% CI 1.04-1.18; =9.61E-04; OR=2.69; 95% CI 1.29-5.58; =0.008). Subgroup analyses based on sex, age, and BMI revealed APN elevation in males, ≥65-year-olds, and overweight individuals, with higher AdipoR2 mRNA in females and those under 65; AdipoR1 was uniformly elevated. Additionally, APN was negatively correlated with lymphocyte count in acute and severe subgroup; AdipoR1 was positively correlated with indicators of inflammation in LRTI group.
Our study highlights that serum APN and AdipoR1 mRNA in PBMCs are associated with LRTI. Circulating APN and PBMC AdipoR1 have different significances in LRTI acute onset and severity.
脂联素（APN）在代谢性疾病中调节炎症的作用已得到充分认识，但在下呼吸道感染（LRTI）中APN的失调仍存在争议。我们旨在测量LRTI患者外周血单核细胞（PBMC）中的APN及其信号受体脂联素受体（AdipoR），以探讨它们在LRTI过程中的潜在作用。
中南大学湘雅二医院的99例LRTI患者被分为急性组（n = 35）和非急性组（n = 64），以及非重症组（n = 62）和重症组（n = 37）。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）定量血清APN，并通过逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）测定PBMC中AdipoR的mRNA水平。
LRTI患者循环中的APN水平和AdipoR1 mRNA均显著升高（P = 2.61E-04；P = 2.49E-08），而AdipoR2未观察到统计学差异。与急性组相比，非急性组的APN水平升高（P = 6.06E-04），重症组的AdipoR1水平更高（P = 0.004）。即使在调整性别、年龄、体重指数（BMI）和血脂后，APN和AdipoR1 mRNA水平升高仍与LRTI呈正相关（比值比[OR]=1.10；95%置信区间[CI] 1.04-1.18；P = 9.61E-04；OR = 2.69；95% CI 1.29-5.58；P = 0.008）。基于性别、年龄和BMI的亚组分析显示，男性、≥65岁者和超重个体的APN升高，女性和65岁以下者的AdipoR2 mRNA较高；AdipoR1均升高。此外，在急性和重症亚组中，APN与淋巴细胞计数呈负相关；在LRTI组中，AdipoR1与炎症指标呈正相关。
我们的研究强调，PBMC中的血清APN和AdipoR1 mRNA与LRTI相关。循环中的APN和PBMC中的AdipoR1在LRTI急性发作和严重程度方面具有不同意义。
