Cheng Lin, Lv Shangbin, Wei Chengkai, Li Sucheng, Liu Hao, Chen Yong, Luo Zhaoliang, Cui Hongyan
Department of Neurology, Chongqing Kaizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
Chongqing Universty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Jan 7;15:1434948. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1434948. eCollection 2024.
Mitochondria, as the energy factories of cells, are involved in a wide range of vital activities, including cell differentiation, signal transduction, the cell cycle, and apoptosis, while also regulating cell growth. However, current pharmacological treatments for stroke are challenged by issues such as drug resistance and side effects, necessitating the exploration of new therapeutic strategies.
This review aims to summarize the regulatory effects of natural compounds targeting mitochondria on neuronal mitochondrial function and metabolism, providing new perspectives for stroke treatment.
Numerous and studies have shown that natural products such as berberine, ginsenosides, and baicalein protect neuronal mitochondrial function and reduce stroke-induced damage through multiple mechanisms. These compounds reduce neuronal apoptosis by modulating the expression of mitochondrial-associated apoptotic proteins. They inhibit the activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), thereby decreasing ROS production and cytochrome C release, which helps preserve mitochondrial function. Additionally, they regulate ferroptosis, mitochondrial fission, and promote mitochondrial autophagy and trafficking, further enhancing neuronal protection.
As multi-target chemical agents, natural products offer high efficacy with fewer side effects and present promising potential for innovative stroke therapies. Future research should further investigate the effectiveness and safety of these natural products in clinical applications, advancing their development as a new therapeutic strategy for stroke.
线粒体作为细胞的能量工厂，参与广泛的重要活动，包括细胞分化、信号转导、细胞周期和细胞凋亡，同时也调节细胞生长。然而，目前中风的药物治疗面临耐药性和副作用等问题的挑战，因此有必要探索新的治疗策略。
本综述旨在总结靶向线粒体的天然化合物对神经元线粒体功能和代谢的调节作用，为中风治疗提供新的视角。
大量研究表明，黄连素、人参皂苷和黄芩苷等天然产物通过多种机制保护神经元线粒体功能并减少中风引起的损伤。这些化合物通过调节线粒体相关凋亡蛋白的表达来减少神经元凋亡。它们抑制线粒体通透性转换孔（mPTP）的激活，从而减少活性氧生成和细胞色素C释放，有助于维持线粒体功能。此外，它们调节铁死亡、线粒体分裂，并促进线粒体自噬和运输，进一步增强对神经元的保护。
作为多靶点化学药物，天然产物具有高效、副作用少的特点，在创新中风治疗方面具有广阔的潜力。未来的研究应进一步调查这些天然产物在临床应用中的有效性和安全性，推动其作为中风新治疗策略的发展。
