Salinas Aldo, Montenegro Iván, Olguín Yusser, Riquelme Natalia, Castillo-Novales Diyanira, Larach Alejandra, Alvarado Laureano, Bravo Guillermo, Madrid Alejandro, Álvaro Juan E, Besoain Ximena
Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, Chile.
Center of Interdisciplinary Biomedical and Engineering Research for Health (MEDING), Escuela de Obstetricia y Puericultura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 17;14(2):257. doi: 10.3390/plants14020257.
In Chile and worldwide, walnut () production faces significant losses due to crown and root rot caused by the phytopathogen . Currently, control methods have proven insufficient or unfavorable for the environment, increasing the need for sustainable alternatives. This research evaluates nanoemulsions based on extracts of medicinal plants endemic to Chile to control in walnut crops. The methodology included an in vitro test to determine the effective inhibitory concentrations of three nanoemulsions (N80, N90, and N100) on the mycelial growth of the phytopathogen, a test on walnut plants under controlled conditions, and two field tests using concentrations between 300 and 500 ppm. The in vitro results showed that the nanoemulsions could inhibit 90% of mycelial growth at 80 to 100 ppm concentrations. In the field, the N90 nanoemulsion at 500 ppm significantly reduced disease symptoms preventively and post-inoculation, compared with the control. This research is the first to study the use of nanoemulsions from native Chilean plants to control , showing potential to reduce the use of synthetic fungicides, contributing to safer and more ecological phytosanitary management.
在智利乃至全球，核桃（）的生产因植物病原体引起的树冠和根腐病而面临重大损失。目前，已证明控制方法不足或对环境不利，因此对可持续替代方法的需求日益增加。本研究评估了基于智利本土药用植物提取物的纳米乳液对核桃作物中 的控制效果。该方法包括一项体外试验，以确定三种纳米乳液（N80、N90和N100）对植物病原体菌丝体生长的有效抑制浓度，一项在可控条件下对核桃植株的试验，以及两项使用300至500 ppm浓度的田间试验。体外试验结果表明，纳米乳液在80至100 ppm浓度下可抑制90%的菌丝体生长。在田间，与对照相比，500 ppm的N90纳米乳液在预防接种和接种后显著减轻了病害症状。本研究首次探讨了使用智利本土植物的纳米乳液来控制 ，显示出减少合成杀菌剂使用的潜力，有助于实现更安全、更生态的植物检疫管理。
