Subedi Deepak, Dhakal Alok, Jyoti Sumit, Paudel Sanjay, Ranabhat Ganesh, Tiwari Ananda, Al-Mustapha Ahmad I
Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Paklihawa Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Bhairahawa, Nepal.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Jan 13;11:1514953. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1514953. eCollection 2024.
Interactions between humans and livestock could increase the risk of zoonotic disease transmission. In addition, limited knowledge of zoonoses and foodborne diseases among livestock farmers could heighten the risks of foodborne illness and outbreaks of zoonotic diseases. This study evaluated the awareness of zoonotic diseases and preventive practices for zoonotic and foodborne diseases among livestock farmers of the Chitwan, Rupandehi, and Tanahun districts of Nepal by conducting a cross-sectional survey of 280 livestock farmers. They were recruited using the purposive sampling method from October to December 2022. Descriptive statistics revealed that most (72.1%; = 202/280) livestock farmers were aware of zoonosis. None of the farmers knew about the zoonotic nature of leptospirosis. Two-thirds of pig farmers (67%; = 12/18) were aware of zoonotic transmission of swine flu, and more than half of the poultry (58%; 50/86) farmers knew about zoonotic avian influenza. The majority of the farmers who had dogs (83%) and cats (89.4%) in their homes or farms knew that rabies can be transmitted to humans from dogs or cats. The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that farmers from the Rupandehi district (aOR: 5.56; 95% CI: 2.18-14.22) and Chitwan (aOR: 6.52; 95% CI: 2.46-17.25) had a higher odds of having good preventive practices than those from Tanahun. Also, farmers who had no sickness in the past 6 months after consumption of animal products were three times (aOR: 2.98; 95% CI: 1.48-6.01) more likely to have better practices. Furthermore, secondary education (aOR: 3.64; 95% CI: 1.41-9.44) was a significant positive predictor of good zoonotic diseases and food safety preventive practices. Our study underscores the necessity to enhance Nepalese livestock farmers' awareness and practices regarding zoonotic and foodborne diseases. It emphasizes the importance of understanding risks, effective behavioral change strategies, and engaging farmers in developing zoonotic disease and foodborne illness prevention programs.
人类与牲畜之间的互动可能会增加人畜共患病传播的风险。此外，牲畜养殖户对人畜共患病和食源性疾病的了解有限，可能会增加食源性疾病和人畜共患病暴发的风险。本研究通过对尼泊尔奇旺、鲁潘德希和塔纳胡恩地区的280名牲畜养殖户进行横断面调查，评估了他们对人畜共患病以及人畜共患病和食源性疾病预防措施的认知情况。他们是在2022年10月至12月期间采用目的抽样法招募的。描述性统计显示，大多数（72.1%；202/280）牲畜养殖户知晓人畜共患病。没有养殖户了解钩端螺旋体病的人畜共患性质。三分之二的养猪户（67%；12/18）知晓猪流感的人畜共患传播，超过一半的家禽养殖户（58%；50/86）了解人畜共患禽流感。家中或农场养狗（83%）和养猫（89.4%）的大多数养殖户知道狂犬病可从狗或猫传播给人类。多变量逻辑回归分析显示，来自鲁潘德希地区（调整后比值比：5.56；95%置信区间：2.18 - 14.22）和奇旺地区（调整后比值比：6.52；95%置信区间：2.46 - 17.25）的养殖户采取良好预防措施的几率高于来自塔纳胡恩地区的养殖户。此外，在食用动物产品后过去6个月内未患病的养殖户采取更好预防措施的可能性是其他人的三倍（调整后比值比：2.98；95%置信区间：1.48 - 6.01）。此外，接受过中等教育（调整后比值比：3.64；95%置信区间：1.41 - 9.44）是良好的人畜共患病和食品安全预防措施的显著正向预测因素。我们的研究强调有必要提高尼泊尔牲畜养殖户对人畜共患病和食源性疾病的认识及预防措施。它强调了了解风险、有效的行为改变策略以及让养殖户参与制定人畜共患病和食源性疾病预防计划的重要性。
