视觉世界范式中眼动追踪与鼠标追踪的关联假说。

A linking hypothesis for eyetracking and mousetracking in the visual world paradigm.

作者信息

Spivey Michael J

机构信息

Department of Cognitive and Information Sciences University of California Merced United States.

出版信息

Brain Res. 2025 Mar 15;1851:149477. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149477. Epub 2025 Jan 28.

Abstract

For a linking hypothesis in the visual world paradigm to clearly accommodate existing findings and make unambiguous predictions, it needs to be computationally implemented in a fashion that transparently draws the causal connection between the activations of internal representations and the measured output of saccades and reaching movements. Quantitatively implemented linking hypotheses provide an opportunity to not only demonstrate an existence proof of that causal connection but also to test the fidelity of the measuring methods themselves. When a system of interest is measured one way (e.g., ballistic dichotomous outputs) or another way (e.g., smooth graded outputs), the apparent results can differ substantially. What is needed is one linking hypothesis that can produce both types of outputs. The localist attractor network simulation of spoken word recognition demonstrated here recreates eye and mouse movements that capture key findings in the visual world paradigm, and especially relies on one particularly powerful theoretical construct: feedback from the action-perception cycle. Visual feedback from the eye position enhancing the cognitive prominence of the fixated object allows the simulation to fit a wider range of findings, and points to predictions for new experiments. When that feedback is absent, the linking hypothesis simulation no longer fits human data as well. Future experiments, and improvements of this network simulation, are discussed.

摘要

为了使视觉世界范式中的联结假设能够清晰地纳入现有研究结果并做出明确预测,需要以一种能透明地描绘内部表征激活与扫视和伸手动作的测量输出之间因果联系的方式对其进行计算实现。定量实现的联结假设不仅提供了证明这种因果联系存在的机会,还能检验测量方法本身的保真度。当以一种方式(例如弹道二分输出)或另一种方式(例如平滑分级输出)测量感兴趣的系统时,明显的结果可能会有很大差异。需要的是一个能够产生这两种输出类型的联结假设。这里展示的口语单词识别局部主义吸引子网络模拟重现了眼睛和鼠标的动作,这些动作捕捉了视觉世界范式中的关键发现,并且特别依赖于一个特别强大的理论结构:动作 - 感知循环的反馈。来自眼睛位置的视觉反馈增强了注视对象的认知显著性,这使得模拟能够拟合更广泛的研究结果,并指向对新实验的预测。当没有这种反馈时,联结假设模拟就不再能很好地拟合人类数据。本文讨论了未来的实验以及对该网络模拟的改进。

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