尼日利亚西南部资源匮乏地区砖匠和砌砖工的职业性皮肤病：患病率及相关因素——一项病例对照研究

Occupational skin diseases among bricklayers and brick masons in a resource poor setting, Southwest Nigeria: prevalence and correlates - a case-control study.

作者信息

Israel Michael Gbenga, Israel Oluwaseyi Kikelomo, Akinboro Adeolu Oladayo, Uduagbamen Peter Kehinde, Oiwoh Sebastien S, Olayemi Olanrewaju, Olanrewaju Fatai O, Oripelaye Mufutau M, Aiyedun Stephen Olawale, Oninla Olumayowa, Olasode Olayinka, Onayemi Olaniyi

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

出版信息

BMJ Open. 2025 Jan 30;15(1):e086321. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086321.

DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086321

PMID:39890152

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11784374/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Cement and most other materials used by bricklayers and brick masons for construction purposes could heighten the risk for occupational skin diseases (OSDs) which mostly include occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) and others. The activities of the bricklayers or brick masons are essentially manual as they work as artisans involving mixing sands and gravels with cement and water for building and block moulding, respectively. This can lead to a significant decline in the quality of life and psychosocial function. We determined the prevalence of OSDs and their correlates among bricklayers and brick masons.

DESIGN

This was a comparative case-control study which involved 200 bricklayers/brick masons and 200 healthy non-bricklayers/non-brick masons.

SETTINGS

This study was carried out in two local governments (LGAs) in Ogbomoso community.

METHODS

Respondents were selected using a multistage random sampling technique. Interviewer-administer semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the prevalence of OCD and other OSD were determined, χ test and logistic regression were obtained. A p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS

The mean age of the bricklayers/brick masons was 39.74±17.03 years, while that of the control group was 40.04±17.24 years. The prevalence of OCD was significantly higher in the bricklayers/brick masons (43.0%) than controls (5.5%), p<0.001. Other dermatological conditions were more common among the cases (8.5%) than the controls (5.0%), p=0.04. Bricklayers/brick masons not using personal protective equipment (PPE, hand gloves) were three times more likely to develop OCD compared with those who used them (OR=3.38, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.72, p=0.007). A family history of allergy is also a predictor of OCD (OR=2.69, 95% CI 1.30 to 5.60, p=0.008).

CONCLUSION

OSD are common in bricklayers/brick masons, especially among those without the use of PPE. Regular educational programmes emphasizing the need to reduce direct contact with cement including the proper and regular use of PPE among this population group are advised.

摘要

目的

砌砖工人和砖石工用于建筑目的的水泥及大多数其他材料可能会增加职业性皮肤病（OSD）的风险，职业性皮肤病大多包括职业性接触性皮炎（OCD）等。砌砖工人或砖石工的工作主要是体力劳动，他们作为工匠，分别将沙子、砾石与水泥和水混合用于建筑和砌块成型。这可能导致生活质量和心理社会功能显著下降。我们确定了砌砖工人和砖石工中职业性皮肤病的患病率及其相关因素。

设计

这是一项对比病例对照研究，涉及200名砌砖工人/砖石工和200名健康的非砌砖工人/非砖石工。

地点

本研究在奥格博莫索社区的两个地方政府辖区进行。

方法

采用多阶段随机抽样技术选取受访者。使用由访谈者管理的半结构化问卷收集数据。数据采用描述性统计进行分析，确定职业性接触性皮炎和其他职业性皮肤病的患病率，进行χ检验并获得逻辑回归分析结果。p<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

砌砖工人/砖石工的平均年龄为39.74±17.03岁，而对照组的平均年龄为40.04±17.24岁。砌砖工人/砖石工中职业性接触性皮炎的患病率（43.0%）显著高于对照组（5.5%），p<0.001。其他皮肤病在病例组（患病率为8.5%）中比对照组（患病率为5.0%）更常见，p=0.04。与使用个人防护装备（PPE，手套）的砌砖工人/砖石工相比，未使用个人防护装备的砌砖工人/砖石工患职业性接触性皮炎的可能性高出三倍（比值比=3.38，95%置信区间为0.12至0.72，p=0.007）。过敏家族史也是职业性接触性皮炎的一个预测因素（比值比=2.69，95%置信区间为1.30至5.60，p=0.008）。