Zhou Yuan, Lu Huan-Huan, Sun Xing, Dai Yu-Wei, Gu Chen-Yu, Gu Ze-Juan
The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University/Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China.
Geriatr Nurs. 2025 Mar-Apr;62(Pt A):138-144. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2025.01.017. Epub 2025 Feb 1.
Frailty is the third major complication of older patients with diabetes mellitus. Exercise plays an irreplaceable role in improving the frailty and physical function of older patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but the compliance of exercise is not high. At present, there is little research on the influencing factors of exercise behavior in older diabetes patients with frailty.
The aim of this study is to analyze the obstacles and promoting factors that affect exercise behavior from the perspective of patients, providing a basis for developing personalized exercise intervention strategies.
A semi-structured face-to-face in-depth interview was conducted on older T2DM patients combined with frailty in the endocrinology department of a tertiary hospital using phenomenological research methods. Analyze data and extract topics based on COM-B system and Colaizzi seven step analysis method.
The themes were identified containing: capability (restriction of physical function, exercise psychology, shortage of exercise knowledge); motivation (importance recognition of exercise, exercise self-efficacy, exercise habit); opportunity (multiple external support, prescription and guidance of exercise, environment and social resources). Most sub-themes had the potential as barriers and facilitators, with the exception of capability which were highlighted as barriers.
The factors influencing the exercise behavior of older patients with T2DM combined with frailty are complex and diverse. Healthcare professionals should take targeted measures to develop personalized exercise prescriptions to improve patients' participation in exercise, maximize the benefits of exercise therapy.
衰弱是老年糖尿病患者的第三大主要并发症。运动在改善老年2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的衰弱状况和身体功能方面发挥着不可替代的作用，但运动依从性不高。目前，关于衰弱的老年糖尿病患者运动行为影响因素的研究较少。
本研究旨在从患者角度分析影响运动行为的障碍因素和促进因素，为制定个性化运动干预策略提供依据。
采用现象学研究方法，对某三级医院内分泌科合并衰弱的老年T2DM患者进行半结构式面对面深入访谈。基于COM-B系统和Colaizzi七步分析法对数据进行分析并提炼主题。
确定的主题包括：能力（身体功能受限、运动心理、运动知识缺乏）；动机（对运动重要性的认识、运动自我效能感、运动习惯）；机会（多种外部支持、运动处方与指导、环境和社会资源）。除能力因素被突出为障碍外，大多数子主题都有作为障碍和促进因素的可能性。
影响合并衰弱的老年T2DM患者运动行为的因素复杂多样。医护人员应采取针对性措施制定个性化运动处方，以提高患者运动参与度，最大化运动治疗的益处。
