Li Yufeng, Zhuang Yunfu, Dong Jing, Liu Hongyu, Ding Jingjing, Wright Alan, Qiu Chunqi
School of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Ocean-Land Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, School of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
School of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Ocean-Land Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, School of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Mar;376:124501. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124501. Epub 2025 Feb 15.
The Red-crowned Crane (Grus japonensis) is a species unique to Asia, with a global population of about 3430. It was a Class I protected wild animal in China and was listed as vulnerable on the World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List. The Red-crowned Crane was at the top of the food chain of wetland ecosystems and was one of the flagship species for wetland biodiversity conservation. In the past 40 years in China, with the rapid development of the economy, a large number of wetlands had been reclaimed and developed, which had a serious negative impact on the population of Red-crowned Cranes. This study used multi-source data collation and field observation to obtain the habitat distribution data of Red-crowned Cranes in the past 40 years. By integrating land use datasets, we used circuit theory to identify potential ecological corridors for Red-crowned Crane migration. Our results provided that from 1980 to 1990, the Red-crowned Crane had a wide distribution area, a large number of habitats. There were as many as 15 habitats with more than 50 Red-crowned Cranes. From 1991 to 2000, records of Red-crowned Cranes have dropped dramatically, and the habitat network structure tended to be simpler. From 2000 to 2020, the distribution area of Red-crowned Cranes continued to shrink, the number of Red-crowned Cranes and their habitats continued to decrease. Red-crowned Cranes were concentrated in a few habitats (there were only 5 habitats with more than 50 Red-crowned Cranes). The wintering habitats of Red-crowned Cranes showed a trend of moving northward. This study showed the distribution characteristics, spatiotemporal dynamic evolution, and driving factors of the Red-crowned Crane habitats over the past 40 years at the national scale, providing basic support for the habitat protection and population restoration of the Red-crowned Crane.
丹顶鹤（Grus japonensis）是亚洲特有的物种，全球种群数量约为3430只。它在中国是国家一级保护野生动物，在世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）红色名录中被列为易危物种。丹顶鹤处于湿地生态系统食物链的顶端，是湿地生物多样性保护的旗舰物种之一。在中国过去的40年里，随着经济的快速发展，大量湿地被开垦和开发，这对丹顶鹤的种群数量产生了严重的负面影响。本研究采用多源数据整理和实地观测的方法，获取了过去40年丹顶鹤的栖息地分布数据。通过整合土地利用数据集，我们运用电路理论识别丹顶鹤迁徙的潜在生态廊道。我们的研究结果表明，1980年至1990年期间，丹顶鹤的分布区域广泛，栖息地数量众多。有多达15个栖息地的丹顶鹤数量超过50只。1991年至2000年期间，丹顶鹤的记录急剧下降，栖息地网络结构趋于简单。2000年至2020年期间，丹顶鹤的分布区域持续缩小，丹顶鹤及其栖息地数量持续减少。丹顶鹤集中在少数几个栖息地（只有5个栖息地的丹顶鹤数量超过50只）。丹顶鹤的越冬栖息地呈现出向北移动的趋势。本研究揭示了过去40年全国范围内丹顶鹤栖息地的分布特征、时空动态演变及驱动因素，为丹顶鹤栖息地保护和种群恢复提供了基础支撑。
