Wubulikasimu Zibaguli, Zhao Hongyu, Mao Fengbiao, Zhao Xiaolu
State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
Protein Cell. 2025 Jun 20;16(6):458-477. doi: 10.1093/procel/pwaf013.
N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), an emerging posttranscriptional RNA modification, plays a pivotal role in epigenetic regulation. Ac4C is detected not only in tRNA, rRNA, and mRNA, but also in miRNA, lncRNA, viral RNA, and even DNA. Functionally, ac4C stabilizes mRNA, enhances protein translation fidelity, and impacts various biological processes and diseases such as cancer, inflammation, immune regulation, neural diseases, osteogenic differentiation, cardiovascular diseases, viral infections, and replication. Current research primarily focuses on ac4C's roles in cancer progression and immunity, with emerging findings in gynecological diseases and reproduction. However, a comprehensive understanding of ac4C's implications in reproductive health is lacking. This review provides a historical perspective on ac4C's discovery and detection methods, elucidates its functions in reproductive development and gynecological disorders, and offers insights for further research in reproductive health. This review aims to pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches and precise diagnostic tools tailored to this field.
N4-乙酰胞苷（ac4C）是一种新发现的转录后RNA修饰，在表观遗传调控中起关键作用。不仅在转运RNA（tRNA）、核糖体RNA（rRNA）和信使RNA（mRNA）中检测到ac4C，在微小RNA（miRNA）、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）、病毒RNA甚至DNA中也能检测到。在功能上，ac4C可稳定mRNA、提高蛋白质翻译保真度，并影响各种生物学过程和疾病，如癌症、炎症、免疫调节、神经疾病、成骨分化、心血管疾病、病毒感染及复制。目前的研究主要集中在ac4C在癌症进展和免疫中的作用，在妇科疾病和生殖方面也有新发现。然而，对ac4C在生殖健康中的影响仍缺乏全面了解。本综述提供了关于ac4C发现及检测方法的历史视角，阐明了其在生殖发育和妇科疾病中的功能，并为生殖健康领域的进一步研究提供见解。本综述旨在为该领域量身定制的创新治疗方法和精确诊断工具铺平道路。
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