Liu Yingxue, Cao Weiyu, Zhang Baoxiang, Qin Hongyan, Wang Yanli, Yang Yiming, Xu Peilei, Wang Yue, Fan Shutian, Li Changyu, Li Jiaqi, Lu Wenpeng
Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China.
College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
Foods. 2025 Feb 24;14(5):772. doi: 10.3390/foods14050772.
The effects of different shaping methods and loading treatments on the photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, fruit yield and quality, and volatile compound composition of the 'Beibinghong' grape were studied. In the experiment, 6-year-old 'Beibinghong' grapes were selected as the material, and two kinds of shaping methods were adopted: the double main vine upright tree (control) and the inclined horizontal dragon tree. The inclined horizontal dragon tree was treated with different loads. The volatile components in grapes were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The changes in quality and volatile components of 'Beibinghong' grape under different treatments were analyzed by multivariate statistics. The results showed that the inclined horizontal dragon tree significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of leaves, and increased the soluble sugar content and sugar-acid ratio of fruits. The quality of grapes was better than that of the upright tree with double main vine. The results of loading showed that the plants with nine fruit branches had higher net photosynthetic rate and yield, and the best performance in reducing sugar content, titrable acid content and sugar-acid ratio, which was the most suitable loading treatment. The results of metabolomics study showed that 291 volatile metabolites were identified, of which 25 were considered to be the key differential metabolites affecting the flavor of 'Beibing red' fruit under different treatments. Further analysis showed that the inclined horizontal draconite tree was superior to the double main draconite tree in improving fruit quality and accumulation of volatile compounds in fruit. This study revealed the regulation mechanism of different shaping methods and loading loads on the growth and fruit quality of 'Beibinghong' grapes, which provided theoretical support for optimizing the viticulture management of 'Beibinghong' and improving the fruit quality and market competitiveness.
研究了不同整形方式和负载处理对‘北冰红’葡萄光合速率、叶绿素含量、果实产量与品质以及挥发性化合物组成的影响。试验选取6年生‘北冰红’葡萄为材料，采用两种整形方式：双主蔓直立树形（对照）和倾斜水平龙干形。对倾斜水平龙干形进行不同负载处理。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分析葡萄中的挥发性成分。通过多元统计分析不同处理下‘北冰红’葡萄品质和挥发性成分的变化。结果表明，倾斜水平龙干形显著提高了叶片的净光合速率和叶绿素含量，增加了果实的可溶性糖含量和糖酸比。葡萄品质优于双主蔓直立树形。负载结果表明，留9个果枝的植株净光合速率和产量较高，在还原糖含量、可滴定酸含量和糖酸比方面表现最佳，是最适宜的负载处理。代谢组学研究结果表明，共鉴定出291种挥发性代谢物，其中25种被认为是不同处理下影响‘北冰红’果实风味的关键差异代谢物。进一步分析表明，倾斜水平龙干形在改善果实品质和果实挥发性化合物积累方面优于双主蔓龙干形。本研究揭示了不同整形方式和负载量对‘北冰红’葡萄生长和果实品质的调控机制，为优化‘北冰红’葡萄栽培管理、提高果实品质和市场竞争力提供了理论支持。
