在线健康信息搜索行为、在线健康信息认知与医疗服务利用之间的关联：横断面研究
Associations Among Online Health Information Seeking Behavior, Online Health Information Perception, and Health Service Utilization: Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Li Hongmin, Li Dongxu, Zhai Min, Lin Li, Cao ZhiHeng
机构信息
School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
Rencheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jining, China.
出版信息
J Med Internet Res. 2025 Mar 14;27:e66683. doi: 10.2196/66683.
BACKGROUND
Seeking online health information can empower individuals to better understand their health concerns, facilitating their ability to manage their health conditions more effectively. It has the potential to change the likelihood and frequency of health service usage. Although existing literature has demonstrated the prevalence of seeking online health information among different populations, the factors affecting online health information perception and discussions on the associations between seeking online health information and health service utilization are limited.
OBJECTIVE
We analyzed the associations between online health information seeking behavior and health service utilization, as well as the online health information perception delivery mechanism.
METHODS
We analyzed data from the Chinese General Social Survey, the first national representative survey conducted in mainland China. The independent variable was the online health information seeking behavior. The outcome variable was health service utilization by the respondents, and online health information perception was selected as the mediating variable in this analysis. Factor analysis was conducted to obtain online health information perception. Multiple regressions were performed to investigate the effect of online health information seeking behavior on physician visits. Bootstrap methods were conducted to test the mediation effects of online health information perception.
RESULTS
This analysis included 1475 cases. Among the participants, 939 (63.66%) sought online health information in the last 12 months. The mean age of the respondents was 46.72 (SD 15.86) years, and 794 (53.83%) were females. After controlling for other variables, individuals with online health information seeking behaviors showed 0.289 times more outpatient visits (P=.003), 0.131 times more traditional Chinese medicine outpatient visits (P=.01), and 0.158 times more Western medicine outpatient visits (P=.007) over the past year compared to those who did not seek health information online. Additionally, multiple regression analyses revealed statistically significant effects of gender, age, and health status on physician visits. The total effect revealed that seeking online health information significantly influenced the total physician visits (β=0.290; P=.003), indicating a certain correlation between online health information seeking behavior and physician visits. Seeking online health information had a significant positive impact on the perception (β=0.265; P<.001). The mediation effects analysis identified that online health information perception led to a significant increase in physician visits with the increase in the online health information seeking behaviors (β=0.232; P=.02).
CONCLUSIONS
The online health information perception of an individual influences the effect online health information seeking has on the frequency of physician visits. The online health information seeking behavior impacts outpatient service utilization both directly and indirectly through online health information perception and significantly increases the frequency of clinic visits after controlling for other variables. Interventions can be explored to improve the health utilization of residents by increasing their online health information perception.
背景
寻求在线健康信息可使个人更好地了解自身健康问题，有助于他们更有效地管理自身健康状况。它有可能改变使用健康服务的可能性和频率。尽管现有文献已证明不同人群中寻求在线健康信息的普遍性，但影响在线健康信息认知的因素以及关于寻求在线健康信息与健康服务利用之间关联的讨论却很有限。
目的
我们分析了在线健康信息寻求行为与健康服务利用之间的关联，以及在线健康信息认知传递机制。
方法
我们分析了来自中国综合社会调查的数据，这是在中国大陆进行的首次全国代表性调查。自变量是在线健康信息寻求行为。结果变量是受访者的健康服务利用情况，并且在本分析中选择在线健康信息认知作为中介变量。进行因子分析以获得在线健康信息认知。进行多元回归以研究在线健康信息寻求行为对就诊的影响。采用Bootstrap方法检验在线健康信息认知的中介效应。
结果
本分析纳入1475例。在参与者中，939例（63.66%）在过去12个月内寻求过在线健康信息。受访者的平均年龄为46.72（标准差15.86）岁，794例（53.83%）为女性。在控制其他变量后，与未在线寻求健康信息的人相比，有在线健康信息寻求行为的个体在过去一年中的门诊就诊次数多0.289倍（P = 0.003），中医门诊就诊次数多0.131倍（P = 0.01），西医门诊就诊次数多0.158倍（P = 0.007）。此外，多元回归分析显示性别、年龄和健康状况对就诊有统计学显著影响。总效应表明，寻求在线健康信息对总就诊次数有显著影响（β = 0.290；P = 0.003），表明在线健康信息寻求行为与就诊之间存在一定相关性。寻求在线健康信息对认知有显著正向影响（β = 0.265；P < 0.001）。中介效应分析确定，随着在线健康信息寻求行为的增加，在线健康信息认知导致就诊次数显著增加（β = 0.232；P = 0.02）。
结论
个体的在线健康信息认知会影响在线健康信息寻求对就诊频率的作用。在线健康信息寻求行为通过在线健康信息认知直接和间接地影响门诊服务利用，并且在控制其他变量后显著增加了就诊频率。可以探索干预措施，通过提高居民的在线健康信息认知来改善其健康利用情况。
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