Wang Sidan, Fu Haotian, Xu Zheng, Huang Chunhong
Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
Department of Rehabilitation, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2025 Mar 13;20:3219-3234. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S511884. eCollection 2025.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage caused by several factors of which novel most trends include microbiota. Specific microbiota and the role in the development of OA is less clear. The microbiota is presumed to influence OA occurrence and progression mainly via immune modulation. In recent years, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great potential for the treatment of OA, however, the therapeutic efficiency has been seriously affected by the harsh microenvironment in the joint cavity. At present, many strategies have been used to enhance the function of MSCs, among them, engineering are a promising method. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on the latest research on how the microbiota affects the development of OA, stem cell repair, and the use of engineered MSCs in the treatment of OA. In addition, engineered MSCs can enhance the therapeutic potential of exosomes as a novel strategy for treating OA. Our review provides a comprehensive perspective on the role of microbiota in OA and the influence of MSCs therapy and engineered MSCs on the treatment of OA.
骨关节炎（OA）的特征是由多种因素导致的关节软骨退变，其中最新的趋势包括微生物群。特定微生物群及其在OA发展中的作用尚不清楚。据推测，微生物群主要通过免疫调节影响OA的发生和发展。近年来，骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）在OA治疗中显示出巨大潜力，然而，关节腔恶劣的微环境严重影响了治疗效果。目前，人们采用了多种策略来增强MSCs的功能，其中工程化是一种很有前景的方法。因此，本综述主要关注微生物群如何影响OA发展、干细胞修复以及工程化MSCs在OA治疗中的应用的最新研究。此外，工程化MSCs可以增强外泌体的治疗潜力，作为治疗OA的一种新策略。我们的综述全面阐述了微生物群在OA中的作用以及MSCs治疗和工程化MSCs对OA治疗的影响。
