Lee Mikyeong, Vindenes Hilde Kristin, Fouladi Farnaz, Shigdel Rajesh, Ward James M, Peddada Shayamal D, London Stephanie J, Bertelsen Randi Jacobsen
Immunity Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob. 2025 Feb 5;4(2):100435. doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2025.100435. eCollection 2025 May.
Oral microbiome composition has been linked to onset and progression of several localized and systemic diseases. Associations with allergy in adults have been less explored.
We sought to identify oral microbiota associated with allergy outcomes in adults using high-throughput sequencing data.
We characterized bacterial communities of gingival samples from 453 Norwegian adults (average age, 28 years) using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. We examined more than 2200 bacterial taxa in relation to self-reported current asthma, eczema, or rhinitis, and seroatopy (IgE > 0.70 kU/L). We used linear regression to determine whether overall bacterial diversity differed by each allergic outcome and analysis of composition of microbiomes with bias correction (ANCOM-BC2) to identify differentially abundant taxa.
Less diverse oral bacterial communities were observed ( < .05) in individuals with atopy or rhinitis compared with those without. Bacterial diversity did not differ by asthma and eczema status. While no bacterial taxa were differentially abundant by asthma, many were differentially abundant ( < .05 after multiple-testing correction) in relation to atopy, eczema, and rhinitis. These taxa include several from the genera . Some, including , were previously implicated in respiratory health, whereas others were novel. We also found taxa related to nasal medication use in individuals with rhinitis. Notably, microbial network interconnections differed by allergy status.
Bacterial community compositions of oral gingival samples may play a role in allergic outcomes in adults. These findings could contribute to the development of novel treatment strategies.
口腔微生物群组成与多种局部和全身性疾病的发生及进展有关。与成人过敏的关联研究较少。
我们试图利用高通量测序数据确定与成人过敏结局相关的口腔微生物群。
我们使用16S rRNA基因扩增子测序对453名挪威成年人（平均年龄28岁）牙龈样本中的细菌群落进行了特征分析。我们检查了2200多种细菌分类群与自我报告的当前哮喘、湿疹或鼻炎以及血清过敏症（IgE > 0.70 kU/L）的关系。我们使用线性回归来确定每种过敏结局的总体细菌多样性是否存在差异，并使用带偏差校正的微生物群落组成分析（ANCOM-BC2）来识别差异丰富的分类群。
与无特应性或鼻炎的个体相比，有特应性或鼻炎的个体口腔细菌群落多样性较低（P <.05）。哮喘和湿疹状态下细菌多样性无差异。虽然哮喘没有使任何细菌分类群差异丰富，但许多分类群与特应性、湿疹和鼻炎相关差异丰富（多重检验校正后P <.05）。这些分类群包括几个属的细菌。其中一些，包括某些属，以前与呼吸道健康有关，而其他属则是新发现的。我们还发现鼻炎患者中与使用鼻用药物相关的分类群。值得注意的是，微生物网络连接因过敏状态而异。
口腔牙龈样本的细菌群落组成可能在成人过敏结局中起作用。这些发现可能有助于开发新的治疗策略。
