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百里香、牛至和山地风轮菜精油的化学成分及其对念珠菌临床分离株的抗真菌作用

Chemical Composition and Antifungal Effect of the Essential Oils of Thymus vulgaris L., Origanum vulgare L., and Satureja montana L. Against Clinical Isolates of Candida spp.

作者信息

Dimitrijević Marina, Stojanović-Radić Zorica, Radulović Niko, Nešić Milica

机构信息

Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.

出版信息

Chem Biodivers. 2025 Aug;22(8):e202500270. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202500270. Epub 2025 Apr 9.

Abstract

Infections caused by Candida species are on the rise, and the escalating concern revolves around the growing resistance to known antifungals, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. The essential oils (EOs) of thyme, oregano, and savory were studied for antifungal, antibiofilm, and potential synergistic activity against isolates of Candida. The oils underwent chemical characterization, revealing comparable compositions of the monoterpene phenols, predominantly thymol and carvacrol, albeit in varying proportions. Anti-Candida activity assessments of these EOs and the type of interactions among these agents on planktonic cells of candidal isolates were done by microdilution and the checkerboard method, respectively. Our findings underscore the significant inhibitory effects of the tested agents against both planktonic and biofilm forms of Candida cells. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the tested oils against planktonic Candida cells ranged from 0.312 to 2.500 mg/mL, classifying them as highly to moderately active against the causative agents of candidosis. The effect on the formation of Candida biofilms was statistically significant for the majority of the tested candidal isolates, with a reduction percentage greater than 50%. Notably, the high significance of our study lies in the presented synergistic effects observed in the majority of the examined combinations, without any presence of antagonistic interactions.

摘要

念珠菌属引起的感染正在增加,人们日益关注的问题是对已知抗真菌药物的耐药性不断上升,尤其是在免疫功能低下的个体中。对百里香、牛至和香薄荷的精油进行了研究,以考察其对念珠菌分离株的抗真菌、抗生物膜及潜在协同活性。这些精油经过化学表征,发现单萜酚的组成相似,主要成分是百里香酚和香芹酚,只是比例不同。分别通过微量稀释法和棋盘法对这些精油的抗念珠菌活性以及这些药剂对念珠菌分离株浮游细胞的相互作用类型进行了评估。我们的研究结果强调了受试药剂对念珠菌细胞的浮游和生物膜形式均有显著抑制作用。受试精油对念珠菌浮游细胞的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)值范围为0.312至2.500mg/mL,将它们归类为对念珠菌病病原体具有高活性至中等活性。对于大多数受试念珠菌分离株,其对念珠菌生物膜形成的影响具有统计学意义,减少百分比大于50%。值得注意的是,我们研究的高度重要性在于在大多数检测组合中观察到了协同效应,且不存在任何拮抗相互作用。

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