Farmer Heather R, Stokes Jeffrey E, Ambroise Alexis Z, Earnshaw Valerie A
Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
Department of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.
J Aging Health. 2025 Mar 24:8982643251327506. doi: 10.1177/08982643251327506.
ObjectiveLimited research has explored how the attributions of discrimination in later life are related to cognitive functioning.MethodsWe analyzed responses from 12,279 adults ages 65+ in the 2008 to 2018 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Multilevel mixed models assessed whether cognitive functioning was associated with (1) everyday discrimination (without reference to attribution) and (2) frequency of 11 attributions of discrimination.ResultsDescriptive analyses highlighted variability in the characteristics associated with specific attributions of discrimination. We found that age was the most reported attribution of discrimination, followed by gender. Discrimination was associated with worse cognitive functioning, and frequent reports of certain attributions of discrimination (e.g., disability, sexual orientation) were associated with cognitive functioning.DiscussionThese results suggested that discrimination was harmful for cognitive health and that the perceived reasons for discrimination may have unique and negative implications for cognitive functioning among older adults.
目的
有限的研究探讨了晚年歧视归因与认知功能之间的关系。
方法
我们分析了2008年至2018年健康与退休研究中12279名65岁及以上成年人的回答。多层次混合模型评估了认知功能是否与（1）日常歧视（不涉及归因）以及（2）11种歧视归因的频率相关。
结果
描述性分析突出了与特定歧视归因相关特征的变异性。我们发现年龄是最常被报告的歧视归因，其次是性别。歧视与较差的认知功能相关，某些歧视归因（如残疾、性取向）的频繁报告与认知功能相关。
讨论
这些结果表明，歧视对认知健康有害，而且感知到的歧视原因可能对老年人的认知功能有独特的负面影响。
